碳化硅試件的SHPB試驗(yàn)數(shù)值模擬與分析

摘 "要：采用ABAQUS軟件對(duì)碳化硅試件的分離式霍普金森壓桿試驗(yàn)（SHPB）進(jìn)行有限元仿真，模擬沖擊載荷下碳化硅試件的損傷演變過(guò)程，得到不同應(yīng)變率下碳化硅試件的應(yīng)力-應(yīng)變曲線。仿真結(jié)果表明，碳化硅試件在受到壓桿沖擊時(shí)產(chǎn)生拉應(yīng)力和壓應(yīng)力，在拉應(yīng)力集中的地方首先出現(xiàn)微觀失效，當(dāng)壓應(yīng)力超過(guò)材料的抗壓強(qiáng)度極限時(shí)試件整體壓潰；壓桿對(duì)碳化硅試件做功的93.8%用于產(chǎn)生塑性變形；碳化硅試件具有應(yīng)變率強(qiáng)化效應(yīng)，試件的動(dòng)態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度隨應(yīng)變率的增加而上升，最大抗壓強(qiáng)度為10 551 MPa，動(dòng)態(tài)彈性模量受應(yīng)變率的影響較小。

關(guān)鍵詞：碳化硅；SHPB；有限元仿真；損傷演變過(guò)程；動(dòng)態(tài)抗壓強(qiáng)度；能量

中圖分類號(hào)：O347 " " 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A " " " " " 文章編號(hào)：2095-2945（2024）20-00８２-0６

Abstract： Finite element simulation was conducted using ABAQUS software for the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Test （SHPB） of SiC specimens， simulating the damage evolution process of SiC specimens under impact load. The stress-strain curves of SiC specimens under different strain rates were obtained. The simulation results show that SiC specimens generate tensile and compressive stresses when impacted by compression bars. Microscopic failure first occurs in areas where tensile stress is concentrated. When the compressive stress exceeds the material's compressive strength limit， the specimen collapses as a whole; 93.8% of the work done by the compression rod on SiC specimens is used to generate plastic deformation; The SiC specimen has a strain rate strengthening effect， and the dynamic compressive strength of the specimen increases with the increase of strain rate. The maximum compressive strength is 10 551 MPa， and the dynamic elastic modulus is less affected by strain rate.

Keywords： SiC; SHPB; finite element simulation; damage evolution process; dynamic compressive strength; energy

碳化硅是一種典型的硬脆材料，具有優(yōu)異的物理和化學(xué)性能，在航空航天、軍事裝備、光學(xué)儀器、汽車制造、醫(yī)療器械和電子產(chǎn)品等眾多領(lǐng)域擁有十分廣闊的應(yīng)用前景[1]。例如我國(guó)高分系列遙感衛(wèi)星的主反射鏡，航空母艦甲板上的耐磨涂層，航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的燃燒室，新能源汽車上的功率器件和太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電上的逆變器等。碳化硅材料具有硬度高、脆性大、斷裂韌性低、耐化學(xué)腐蝕性好的優(yōu)異性能，但同時(shí)也給加工制造帶來(lái)不小難題，制約了該材料的廣泛應(yīng)用。因此，研究碳化硅材料的力學(xué)性能，尤其是沖擊載荷下的動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能和損傷失效機(jī)理，對(duì)提高碳化硅材料的加工工藝和工程應(yīng)用意義重大[2]。

分離式霍普金森壓桿試驗(yàn)（SHPB）是研究材料在高應(yīng)變率下動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)性能的重要試驗(yàn)裝置。……