



摘 "要:為研究長方形和圓形承壓區域對后張預應力混凝土錨固區裂縫擴展的影響,分別對2種混凝土構件進行荷載傳遞試驗。試驗表明,隨著荷載逐漸增加至破壞荷載,受拉荷載向受壓區轉移,無論是長方形或圓形承載面錨固區結構,承壓區周圍混凝土表面均出現由中心指向構件四角較粗的裂縫,粗裂縫的擴散角度約45°;試件的側面微裂縫逐漸增寬,并且隨外荷載的增加向錨固區截面高度1/2的位置擴展。
關鍵詞:預應力混凝土;荷載傳遞;錨固承載面;裂縫;錨墊板
中圖分類號:TU378 " " "文獻標志碼:A " " " " "文章編號:2095-2945(2024)20-0070-04
Abstract: In order to study the influence of rectangular and circular bearing areas on crack propagation in post-tensioned prestressed concrete Anchorage zone, load transfer tests were carried out on two kinds of concrete members. The test results show that with the gradual increase of the load to the failure load, the tensile load transfers to the compression zone, no matter the Anchorage zone structure with rectangular or circular bearing surface, there are cracks on the concrete surface around the bearing zone, which are thicker from the center to the four corners of the members, and the diffusion angle of the coarse crack is about 45°. The side micro-crack of the specimen gradually widens and expands to the position of 1/2 of the section height of the Anchorage zone with the increase of external load.
Keywords: prestressed concrete; load transfer; anchoring bearing surface; crack; anchor cushion plate
在現代公路鐵路橋梁、房屋建筑、巖土錨固等方面都用到預應力,錨墊板作為后張預應力混凝土的重要部件埋入混凝土中,主要起傳遞荷載、預留和連接預應力孔道等作用。實際工程中,預應力混凝土結構設計的幾何尺寸不同,錨墊板根據結構的需求,其橫截面也有不同結構形式,如圓形、正方形和長方形(扁形)等,圓形和正方形錨墊板多用于橋箱梁、塔柱等結構,而長方形(扁形)錨墊板多用于房屋樓板、橋面板等扁平結構。
雖然錨墊板在不同結構中有不同的形狀,但是作為預應力混凝土結構中承載部件,都承擔著將錨具的荷載傳遞給結構區域的重要作用[1]。該區域承受集中荷載作用,應力分布復雜,縱向和橫向都會產生應變,隨著荷載的增加,相應的裂縫可能隨之出現和擴展。了解掌握局部錨固區裂縫的開裂形式和擴展趨勢,提前預防混凝土開裂,提高混凝土構件的防腐能力,提高結構的使用壽命。……