基于視頻圖像的森林火災(zāi)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)

摘 "要：結(jié)合聲光圖技術(shù)，針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)森林火災(zāi)報(bào)警器系統(tǒng)延遲、智能化程度低、防抖性能差等問(wèn)題，提出基于視頻的森林火災(zāi)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)介紹該系統(tǒng)的工作原理，并與傳統(tǒng)森林火災(zāi)警報(bào)器進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。研究表明，基于視頻的森林火災(zāi)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)具有目前我國(guó)森林火災(zāi)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)中智能化程度高、響應(yīng)靈敏、報(bào)警精確度高、穩(wěn)定性強(qiáng)和可靠性高等特點(diǎn)，是目前我國(guó)森林火災(zāi)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的一大特點(diǎn)，主要表現(xiàn)在報(bào)警系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義積極，應(yīng)用前景遠(yuǎn)大。

關(guān)鍵詞：森林火災(zāi)；火災(zāi)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)；遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控；衛(wèi)星遙感；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)

中圖分類號(hào)：TP391.41 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A " " " " "文章編號(hào)：2095-2945（2024）20-0025-07

Abstract： Using acousto-optic map technology， aiming at the problems of traditional forest fire alarm system， such as delay， low intelligence and poor anti-shaking performance， a forest fire alarm system based on video is proposed. The working principle of the system is introduced and compared with the traditional forest fire alarm. The research shows that the forest fire alarm system based on video has the characteristics of high intelligence， sensitive response， high alarm accuracy， strong stability and high reliability in the forest fire alarm system in our country at present. It is a major feature of the forest fire alarm system in our country at present， which is mainly manifested in the positive practical significance of the alarm system and broad application prospects.

Keywords： forest fire; fire alarm system; remote monitoring; satellite remote sensing; risk monitoring

森林火災(zāi)是世界上發(fā)生次數(shù)最多、處置難度最大、危害最嚴(yán)重、突發(fā)性強(qiáng)、破壞性大和危險(xiǎn)性高的自然災(zāi)害之一，不僅對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境造成破壞，還會(huì)對(duì)人類社會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響。

隨著信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，我國(guó)森林防火監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警系統(tǒng)的核心已經(jīng)從護(hù)林員和巡邏員為主的人類防御系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)向以衛(wèi)星遙感、視頻監(jiān)控（包括鐵塔、無(wú)人機(jī)、直升機(jī)上的視頻監(jiān)控）和火災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)等為主，森林防火監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警體系已成為我國(guó)森林防火監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警體系的核心。對(duì)護(hù)林員的瞭望（現(xiàn)在大部分地區(qū)已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了24小時(shí)全天候觀察，而不是人員站崗的視頻監(jiān)控設(shè)備）輔之以巡護(hù)員現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)證的天地一體化技防系統(tǒng)[1]。其中，衛(wèi)星遙感主要用于火災(zāi)發(fā)生前的熱點(diǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)等大尺度觀測(cè)，以及發(fā)生森林火災(zāi)后的過(guò)火面積測(cè)定等。……