楊聞 劉會鵬 邰燕翔 洪厚勝



摘要:固態發酵是指微生物在含水量極低的固體物料上進行生長、代謝,以獲得初生代謝產物和次生代謝產物。固態反應器因其各種工藝參數的在線監測與自動控制,在食品發酵、生物制藥、飼料生產等領域有著越來越廣泛的用途。根據罐溫、溶氧、pH等工藝參數而采用不同的控制模式。在固態發酵過程中,由于微生物生長環境、物料、傳質等諸多因素的差異,設計反應器并實現智能化、程序化是有待解決的關鍵性共同問題。主要對轉鼓式生物固態反應器的應用、特征進行分析并對一些目前存在的弊端提出疑問。
關鍵詞:固態發酵;代謝產物;轉鼓式固態反應器;在線監測;工藝參數;智能化
中圖分類號:TS201.3 ?????文獻標志碼:A ????文章編號:1000-9973(2024)04-0192-04
Research Progress of Rotating Drum Solid-State Bioreactors
YANG Wen1, LIU Hui-peng2, TAI Yan-xiang1, HONG Hou-sheng1,3*
(1.College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing
211816, China; 2.College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University,
Nanjing 211816, China; 3.Nanjing Highke Bioengineering Equipment Co., Ltd.,
Nanjing 210009, China)
Abstract: Solid-state fermentation refers to the growth and metabolism of microorganisms on solid materials with extremely low water content to obtain the primary and secondary metabolites. Solid-state reactors are increasingly widely used in the fields such as food fermentation, biopharmaceuticals and feed production due to their online monitoring and automatic control of various process parameters. Different control modes are adopted according to the process parameters such as tank temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH. In the solid-state fermentation process, due to the differences in the growth environment of microorganisms, materials, mass transfer and many other factors, designing reactors and achieving intelligence and programming are the key common issues that need to be solved. In this paper, the application and characteristics of rotating drum solid-state bioreactors are mainly analyzed, and the questions about some drawbacks at present are raised.
Key words: solid-state fermentation; metabolites; rotating drum solid-state reactor; online monitoring; process parameters; intelligence
收稿日期:2023-09-17
基金項目:國家高技術研究發展計劃項目(2012AA021201)
作者簡介:楊聞(1999—),男,碩士研究生,研究方向:生化工程與反應器。
*通信作者:洪厚勝(1965—),男,教授,博士,研究方向:生物反應工程及生化反應器。
固態發酵利用固體物作為發酵原料,固體物中含有少量游離水,微生物以此作為發酵環境[1]。作為發酵工程的傳統形式,從中國人制作山西陳醋起,傳統固態發酵已有3 000多年的歷史,主要用于食品和調味品中[2]。相較于液態發酵,沒有液相和含水量低的固態發酵可以使用更小的發酵罐,在代謝產物回收過程中節省試劑、減少細菌污染以及在某些情況下對無菌要求不是很高[3],所以20世紀以后,傳統固態發酵逐漸與現代工業生產融合。……