張帥 羅嘉瑤 鄒志群 鄭劍楠 程昊



摘要:豆渣是大豆加工的大宗副產物,富含膳食纖維。采用微波輔助酶解水提法提取豆渣可溶性膳食纖維(SDF),然后將其制成可食用膜。通過單因素試驗和正交試驗優化后的提取工藝參數為水料比25∶1 (mL/g)、纖維素酶添加量3%、水解時間2 h,此條件下豆渣SDF提取率為18.65%。然后通過正交試驗優化了用豆渣SDF制備可食用膜的配方為SDF 1.0 g、甘油4.5 g、CMC 1.0 g、海藻酸鈉1.5 g。用最優配方制備的可食用膜具有良好的性能:膜厚度0.032 mm、透明度13.26%、溶解速度25 s/g、水蒸氣透過系數0.61 g·mm/m2·d·kPa、透油系數4.15 g·mm/m2·d。該研究可為豆渣的深加工提供方法參考,所制備的可食用膜有望用于食品加工、包裝行業。
關鍵詞:豆渣;可溶性膳食纖維;可食用膜;性能
中圖分類號:TS214.2 ?????文獻標志碼:A ????文章編號:1000-9973(2024)04-0091-05
Study on Extraction of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Soybean Dregs
and Preparation of Edible Film
ZHANG Shuai1, LUO Jia-yao1, ZOU Zhi-qun1, ZHENG Jian-nan1, CHENG Hao2,3*
(1.School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China;
2.College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology,
Liuzhou 545006, China; 3.Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane Industry
Co-constructed by Province and Ministry of Education, Nanning 530004, China)
Abstract: Soybean dregs are the main by-products of soybean processing, and are rich in dietary fiber. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF) is extracted from soybean dregs by microwave-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis and water extraction method, and then it is made into edible film. The extraction process parameters optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test are as follows: water-material ratio is 25∶1 (mL/g), cellulase addition amount is 3% and hydrolysis time is 2 h. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of SDF from soybean dregs is 18.65%. The formula of edible film prepared by soybean dreg SDF is optimized by orthogonal test: 1.0 g SDF, 4.5 g glycerol, 1.0 g CMC and 1.5 g sodium alginate. The edible film prepared by the optimal formula has good properties: the film thickness is 0.032 mm, the transparence is 13.26%, the dissolution rate is 25 s/g, the water vapor transmission coefficient is 0.61 g·mm/m2·d·kPa, and the oil transmission coefficient is 4.15 g·mm/m2·d. This study can provide method references for the deep processing of soybean dregs, and the prepared edible film is expected to be used in food processing and packaging industries.
Key words: soybean dregs; soluble dietary fiber (SDF); edible film; performance
收稿日期:2023-09-05
基金項目:“八桂之光”訪學研修計劃項目(桂組通字[2021]64號)
作者簡介:張帥(1978—),男,山東濟南人,教授,博士,研究方向:食品發酵與農產品加工。
*通信作者:程昊(1980—),男,山東泰安人,副研究員,碩士,研究方向:食品科學、農產品加工。
大豆在我國食用廣泛,絕大部分用于榨油及加工成腐竹、豆腐、豆乳等豆制品,在生產過程中會產生大量的副產物——豆渣。豆渣的營養價值很高,富含膳食纖維、蛋白質、氨基酸、維生素、礦物質等[1],因此豆渣主要作為飼料和肥料應用于養殖和種植行業[2]。然而,為提高豆渣的附加值、產生更高的利潤,需要對豆渣進行深加工。
可食用膜是一種以可食用的天然高分子為原料,通過不同分子間相互作用而形成的具有多孔網絡結構,并有一定包裝保護功能的可食用薄膜[3],它通過阻氧、阻濕和防止溶質遷移來保證食品的質量,以延長食品的貨架期[4]。……