





摘要:針對觀瞄鏡強雜光干擾問題, 提出一套完整的強雜光抑制技術(shù)方案。首先, 對物鏡內(nèi)表面采用絨布消光; 然后, 在軟件圖像處理上結(jié)合使用相鄰圖像累加積分、 直方圖統(tǒng)計和寬動態(tài)灰度增強等算法完成強雜光抑制; 在天空照度為1×10-3 lx以下的野外暗夜環(huán)境下, 加入強雜光干擾后進行實驗測試。實驗結(jié)果表明, 該技術(shù)方案能有效完成強雜光抑制和圖像細節(jié)增強, 提升圖像質(zhì)量。軟件算法在FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)平臺上運行, 2 ms內(nèi)完成圖像處理工作, 滿足實時性要求。
關(guān)鍵詞:數(shù)字觀瞄鏡; 強雜光; 干擾; 抑制; 消光絨布; 直方圖; 寬動態(tài)灰度增強
中圖分類號: TP36 文獻標志碼: A
Research on Strong Stray Light Suppression Technology ofLow-Light Level Digital Sighting Telescope
LIANG Guolong, ZHANG Mingchao, HUANG Jianbo, DING Hao, BAI Jing, ZHANG Yaoyu
(Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China)
Abstract:The low-light level digital sighting telescope encounters strong stray light interference, which causes imaging overexposure and submerges useful information in the image. To address this issue, a set of strong stray light suppression technology solutions is proposed. First, absorbance flannelette is pasted to the inner surface of the objective lens, and then several algorithms such as cumulative integration of adjacent images, histogram statistics, and wide dynamic gray enhancement are used in software image processing to suppress strong stray light. In outdoor environments with night sky illumination below 1×10-3 lx, the experiment is conducted with added strong stray light interference. The results show that the technical solution can effectively suppress strong stray light and enhance image details, thereby improving image quality. The software runs based on FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array), with a maximum processing time of 2 ms, meeting the real-time requirements of the system.
Key words:digital sighting telescope; strong stray light; interference; suppression; absorbance flannelette; histogram; dynamic gray enhancement
0 引 言
微光數(shù)字觀瞄鏡[1-2]主要用于在暗夜或照度很低的環(huán)境下輔助人眼快速觀察和瞄準, 也可以在白天等亮場環(huán)境下應(yīng)用, 具有很高的動態(tài)范圍, 滿足晝夜通用要求。微光數(shù)字觀瞄鏡依托高動態(tài)CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)傳感器[3-4], 通過光學機械設(shè)計、 成像驅(qū)動、 圖像處理、 接口控制、 顯示輸出等環(huán)節(jié)完成設(shè)備研制。觀瞄鏡主要由物鏡組、 CMOS成像、 圖像處理模組、 OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode)顯示屏、 目鏡組、 電池倉以及外圍控制模塊組成。其基本工作過程是: 經(jīng)目標漫反射的光線由產(chǎn)品物鏡投射到模組CMOS傳感器靶面, 將光信號轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號, 模組處理器進行自動調(diào)光、 灰度拉伸等圖像處理后, 輸出到OLED顯示屏上, 通過目鏡放大用于觀察, 同時具有PAL(Phase Alteration Line)接口視頻輸出功能, 外部按鍵可實時調(diào)節(jié)控制設(shè)備模式、 狀態(tài)。
由于環(huán)境場景復(fù)雜, 微光數(shù)字觀瞄鏡在使用過程中不可避免地會遇到視場內(nèi)較強的非目標光線影響傳感器成像的情況, 比如太陽、 干擾彈、 車燈等, 認定為強雜光干擾[5]。……