鄉(xiāng)村振興視角下的村莊規(guī)劃效果分析

摘" " 要：村莊規(guī)劃作為指導(dǎo)鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)的國(guó)土空間開(kāi)發(fā)及保護(hù)活動(dòng)、實(shí)施國(guó)土空間用途管制、進(jìn)行各項(xiàng)村莊建設(shè)等的依據(jù)，同時(shí)也起到了鄉(xiāng)規(guī)民約、鄉(xiāng)村治理等社會(huì)規(guī)劃的作用，是農(nóng)村各項(xiàng)建設(shè)工作的基礎(chǔ)和基本依據(jù)。本文以天津市153個(gè)村莊規(guī)劃為樣本，探討村莊規(guī)劃對(duì)實(shí)施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的支撐作用以及鄉(xiāng)村振興 “二十字方針”對(duì)村莊規(guī)劃的指導(dǎo)作用，以期提高村莊未來(lái)發(fā)展質(zhì)量，最大程度推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興?；诖?，本文使用文本分析詞頻模型、內(nèi)容分析評(píng)價(jià)模型對(duì)村莊規(guī)劃效果進(jìn)行分析研究。結(jié)果表明：（1）總體上看，主題詞出現(xiàn)頻率從高到低分別為生態(tài)宜居、產(chǎn)業(yè)興旺、治理有效、生活富裕和鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)文明，詞頻分別為35 089、27 808、24 718、22 057、16 300次；（2）鄉(xiāng)村振興“二十字方針”五大方面參考點(diǎn)數(shù)量差異較大，產(chǎn)業(yè)興旺、生態(tài)宜居、治理有效、鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)文明、生活富裕分別有59 857、56 244、46 688、23 913、23 237個(gè)參考點(diǎn)；（3）天津市村莊規(guī)劃對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村振興五大方面展現(xiàn)出不同程度的關(guān)注，生態(tài)宜居和產(chǎn)業(yè)興旺在村莊規(guī)劃中受到廣泛關(guān)注和重視，治理有效起到鄉(xiāng)村振興的“基石”作用，扮演著重要的角色，生活富裕和鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)文明的關(guān)注度比其他3個(gè)方面低。產(chǎn)業(yè)興旺和生態(tài)宜居方面的關(guān)注度較高，體現(xiàn)出經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和環(huán)境保護(hù)的政策導(dǎo)向，其次是治理有效方面的關(guān)注度，反映出天津市村莊規(guī)劃與天津市關(guān)于鄉(xiāng)村振興政策相匹配，而生活富裕以及鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)文明的關(guān)注度相對(duì)較低。

關(guān)鍵詞：鄉(xiāng)村振興；村莊規(guī)劃；效果分析；文本分析詞頻模型；內(nèi)容分析評(píng)價(jià)模型

中圖分類號(hào)：D422.6" " " " "文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A" " " " " DOI 編碼：10.3969/j.issn.1006－6500.2024.06.010

Analysis of Village Planning Effectiveness under the Perspective of Rural Revitalisation：Based on the Village Planning Data of 153 Sample Villages in Tianjin

CHEN Fuyu ZHANG Zihan GAO Juntao XIA Xin LI Youlin CAI Weimin

（1.Tianjin Planning Preparation and Research Centre， Tianjin 300201，China；2.Engineering and Technological Innovation Centre for Land Space Planning and Governance in the Key Belt of Land and Sea Integration， Ministry of Natural Resources， Tianjin 300201，China; 3.School of Environmental Science and Engineering， Tiangong University， Tianjin 300387， China）

Abstract： Village planning serves as a basis for guiding the development and protection of national land space in rural areas， implementing the control of national land space use， and carrying out various village constructions， as well as playing the role of social planning such as township rules and regulations and rural governance. It is the foundation and basic basis for all construction work in rural areas. This paper took 153 village plans in Tianjin City as sample cases to discuss the role of village planning in supporting the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization and the guiding role of the “Twenty Character Guidelines” for rural revitalization on village planning， with a view to improving the quality of the future development of villages and advancing rural revitalization to the greatest extent possible. Based on this， this paper used text analysis word frequency model and content analysis evaluation model to analyze and study the effect of village planning. The results showed that： （1） in general， the frequency of the theme words， from high to low， were ecological livability， industrial prosperity， effective governance， affluent life and civilized countryside， and the frequency of the words were 35 089， 27 808， 24 718， 22 057 and 16 300， respectively. （2） The content analysis method showed that the five major aspects of the “twenty-word guideline” for village revitalization were the following Guidelines\"， the number of reference points for the five major aspects of rural revitalization varied greatly， with 59 857， 56 244， 46 688， 23 913 and 23 237 reference points for industrial prosperity， eco-livability， effective governance， civilized culture and affluent life， respectively. （3） Tianjin's village planning had shown varying degrees of concern for the five major aspects of rural revitalization， with eco-livability and industrial prosperity receiving widespread attention and attention in village planning. Ecological livability and industrial prosperity were widely noticed and valued in village planning， and governance effectively played an important role as the “cornerstone” of rural revitalization， while the degree of attention to livelihood prosperity and rural civilization was relatively low compared with the other three aspects." The higher attention to industrial prosperity and ecological livability reflectes the policy orientation of economic development and environmental protection， followed by the attention to effective governance， which reflectes that Tianjin's village planning matches Tianjin's policy on rural revitalization， and the relatively lower attention to affluent living and rural civilization.

Key words： rural revitalization; villageplanning; effectanalysis; textanalysis word frequency model; contentanalysis evaluation model