姜虹

過去進行時,即“過去某個時刻或某時間段正在進行的動作”,主要由“was/were+動詞-ing”構成,是中考中的一個常見考點。對此,筆者結合兩道中考真題剖析了過去進行時的常見用法,以期對同學們的學習有所幫助。
【真題回顧】
(1)(2022年江蘇常州中考卷)
—Why didn't you open the door for me,Jim ?
—I______clothes in the bathroom.I didn't hear the knock.
A.am washing??? B.have washed
C.washed??? D.was washing
(2)(2022年湖北十堰中考卷)
When the teacher got into the classroom,Xiaoming______a novel.
A.read??? B.reads
C.was reading??? D.is reading
解析:上述兩道題主要考查過去進行時態的用法。(1)句意是:吉姆,你為什么不給我開門?我在浴室洗衣服,我沒有聽到敲門聲。由“I didn't hear the knock”可知,空格處表示的是過去時間點正在發生的動作,所以宜用過去進行時態,故選D 項。(2)句意是:當老師走進教室時,小明正
在看小說。聯系語境可知,當過去的某個動作“got into the classroom”發生時,另一動作 “看小說”正在進行中,所以宜用過去進行時態,故本題正確答案為C項。
【用法點撥】
(1)表示過去某一時刻或某時間段正在進行的動作,常與at that/this time,at...o,clock last night,all day yesterday,the whole morn- ing/aftemoon/evening等表示時間點或時間段的時間狀語連用。例如:
I was taking a walk at this time the day before yesterday.
前天的這個時候,我正在散步。
She was cleaning her room at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午3點鐘,她正在打掃房間。
They were playing basketball on the play?ground the whole morning.
他們整個上午都在操場打籃球。
(2)表示在過去某一個動作發生時,另一動作正在進行中,常與when引導的時間狀語連用。例如:
It was raining hard when we arrived in Suzhou.
我們到達蘇州時正下著雨。
We were reading English when the teach?er came in.
當老師進來時,我們正在朗讀英語。
The children were watching TV in the liv?ing room when I got home.
當我到家時,孩子們正在客廳看電視。
(3)表示過去兩個延續性的動作同時進行,常與while引導的時間狀語從句連用。例如:
We were dancing while she was singing.
她在歌唱時,我們在跳舞。
I was drawing while my mother was cooking.
媽媽在做飯時,我在畫畫。
While Annie was doing her homework in the room ,her brother was playing in the yard.
當安妮正在房間寫作業時,她的弟弟正在院子里玩耍。
(4)表示在過去某一時間按計劃、安排將要發生的動作,多與go,come,leave,start,stay等動詞連用。例如:
He said he was coming tomorrow.
他說他明天會過來。
Jack told us that he was leaving for Nan?jing next month.
杰克告訴我們他下個月要去南京。
She said that she was going to buy a new bike next week.
她說她下個星期要去買一輛新自行車。
【練一練】
根據句意,用括號內所給動詞的正確時態填空。
(1)He said he______(live)with his parents at that time.
(2)Linda told me she______(come) to see me tomorrow.
(3)They ______(play)chess in the garden when the phone??? (ring).
(4)I didn't think Linda saw me,because she ______(talk) with her friend.
(5)While Dad ______(repair) his bicycle,I______(skip).
【答案】
(1)was living
(2)was coming
(3)were playing;rang
(4)was talking
(5)was repairing;was skipping
總之,在解答與動詞時態相關的問題時,同學們要注意細致讀題,抓住前后語境提示,挖掘暗含信息,進而確定動詞時態,得出正確答案。