王艷霞 楊鵬 孫婷



【摘? ?要】? ?利用數值模擬技術分析室外風環境狀況,以正交試驗為研究方法,探討建筑布局、建筑長度、建筑間距等多因素對室外風環境的影響。通過試驗得到的13組試驗組合,以平均風速與平均空氣齡為風環境的評價指標,利用Design Expert對風環境影響因素進行響應面分析,再根據分析結果確定最優的試驗組合。研究表明行列式布局、建筑長度70 m及建筑間距25 m是最優組合,能夠有效改善校園風環境現狀。
【關鍵詞】? ?風環境;數值模擬;正交試驗;響應度分析
Research on the Optimization Design of Outdoor Wind Environment
of University Campus Based on Orthogonal Test
——Take Hebei Engineering University as An Example
Wang Yanxia1,2*, Yang Peng1,2, Sun Ting3
(1. Hebei Engineering University, Handan 056107,? China; 2. Key Laboratory of Building Physical Environment and Regional Building Protection Technology, Handan 056107, China;
3. Sichuan Research Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China)
【Abstract】? ? Numerical simulation technology was used to analyze the current wind environment condition, and orthogonal tests were used as the research method to explore the influence of multiple factors such as building layout, building length and building spacing on the outdoor wind environment. The 13 sets of test combinations obtained from the tests were evaluated by using the average wind speed and the average air age as the wind environment evaluation index, and the response surface analysis of the wind environment influencing factors was conducted by using Design Expert, and then the optimal test combination was determined according to the analysis results. The study shows that the optimal combination of row layout, building length of 70 meters and building spacing of 25 meters can effectively improve the current wind environment of the campus.
【Key words】? ? ?wind environment; numerical simulation; orthogonal test; responsivity analysis
〔中圖分類號〕? TU14? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?〔文獻標識碼〕? A ? ? ? ? ? ? ?〔文章編號〕 1674 - 3229(2023)01- 0075 - 07
0? ? ?引言
大學校園位于城市節點中,室外風環境和城市建設發展聯系密切。史北祥等[1]分別從城市尺度、街區尺度、建筑尺度出發研究了不同尺度下的城市風安全和城市健康。校園作為人群聚集較多的場所,其內部的風環境質量應該得到有效保障,為師生營造舒適和健康的生活、學習的環境。通過文獻分析和調研發現建筑院落空間容易產生較大面積靜風區和局部強風區,而局部強風區在強風季節容易引起風險,靜風區不利于夏季的通風散熱及污染空氣的擴散[2]。
近年來隨著計算機技術的不斷發展,計算流體力學(CFD)相關的工具得到了較大的改進,其中運用較多的有Phoenics、Fluent、Airpak等。莊智等[3]對常見的CFD模擬工具分別從應用范圍、數學模型、計算能力等多方面進行了對比分析,為后續風環境的研究進行了技術要點的總結。經過諸多學者多次的試驗驗證,證明Phoenics有足夠的可靠性和精度,能真實有效地分析試驗的場景[4-5]。……