李建軍 張海英 郭建國 呂和平


摘要:為了探索狼毒殘渣資源化利用的有效方法,為狼毒生物藥肥顆粒劑產品開發提供參考,在狼毒殘渣中加入填料(凹凸棒土)、粘結劑(甲基纖維素)和賦活劑(復硝酚鈉),噴灑適量清水攪拌均勻后采用擠壓造粒法進行狼毒生物藥肥顆粒劑試制。在試制過程中對各種成分用量進行對比分析,并根據檢測指標對制成的顆粒劑產品進行評價。結果表明,狼毒生物藥肥顆粒劑最佳加工配方為狼毒廢棄殘渣50.000 0%、賦活劑(復硝酚鈉) 0.012 5%、填料(凹凸棒土)23.000 0%、粘結劑(甲基纖維素) 2.000 0%、水24.987 5%。該配方制成的狼毒生物藥肥顆粒完全劑符合藥肥顆粒劑質量指標要求,其性質穩定,便于貯藏和運輸,可實現對狼毒殘渣的完全利用。
關鍵詞:狼毒殘渣;生物藥肥;顆粒劑;加工配方
中圖分類號:S38;S482 ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻標志碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號:2097-2172(2023)02-0181-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2023.02.018
Preliminary Study on the Processing Method of Biogenic Medicinal
Fertilizer Granules using Stellera chamaejasme Residues
LI Jianjun 1, ZHANG Haiying 1, GUO Jianguo 1, L?譈 Heping 2
(1. Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China;
2. Potato Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China)
Abstract: To provide the basis for the effective utilization of Stellera chamaejasme residues, the processing method of Stellera chamaejasme biogenic medicinal fertilizer granules were investigated. The filler, binder and activator were added to the Stellera chamaejasme residues, and a certain amount of water was sprayed into the mixture while stirring to apply the extrusion granulation process for the production of Stellera chamaejasme biogenic medicinal fertilizer granules. The dosage of components was analyzed during the trial and the products of the granules were evaluated according to the test indexs. The results showed that the best formula compositions of Stellera chamaejasme biogenic medicinal fertilizer granules were compound sodium nitrophenolate, attapulgite, methyl cellulose and water at the proportion of 50.000 0%, 0.012 5%, 23.000 0%, 2.000 0% and 24.9875%, respectively. The granules made by the formula met the requirements of granules indexs, it had stable properties and was easy to be stored and transported. And this method could realize the complete utilization of Stellera chamaejasme residues.
Key words: Stellera chamaejasme residue; Biogenic medicinal fertilizer; Granule; Processing formula
瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme Linn)屬瑞香科狼毒屬,是我國危害草地最重的多年生有毒植物之一。關于瑞香狼毒的研究,主要集中在活性成分的分離鑒定[1 - 4 ]、提取工藝優化、臨床藥理[5 - 12 ]、生物活性方面[4, 13 - 20 ]。有研究發現,狼毒殘渣含有大量有機質和鋅、錳、鐵、鈣、銅等微量元素,在合理的施用劑量下不僅對小麥、玉米有肥效作用,而且對蔬菜根結線蟲也有較好的防治作用[21 ],有很高的再利用價值。瑞香狼毒殘渣為絮狀纖維,刺激性強,不便存儲和運輸,直接施用不僅會對作業人員產生強烈刺激,而且極易污染環境,因此,將其加工成顆粒劑,不僅便于貯存和運輸,而且可減輕對作業人員的刺激,同時可大幅提高其利用率。……