亞麻薺根系分泌物對胡麻和藜種子萌發(fā)及幼苗生長的影響

曹麗 劉杰 張素梅 范天天 宋謙

摘要：為了探究亞麻薺根系分泌物對胡麻和雜草藜的化感作用，采用水培法觀察了亞麻薺根系分泌物對胡麻和藜種子萌發(fā)與幼苗生長的影響。結(jié)果表明，亞麻薺根系分泌物對胡麻和藜種子的萌發(fā)具有抑制作用，且抑制作用隨著處理濃度的增加而增強。亞麻薺根系分泌物對胡麻根長、根鮮重、苗鮮重具有抑制作用，在低處理濃度時對胡麻苗高具有促進作用，在中、高處理濃度時抑制作用較小；對雜草藜幼苗生長具有抑制作用，但抑制作用較小。綜合分析，亞麻薺根系分泌物在低處理濃度時對胡麻生長的抑制作用小于對藜的抑制作用，在中、高處理濃度時大于對藜的抑制作用。

關(guān)鍵詞：亞麻薺；胡麻；藜；化感效應(yīng)；根系分泌物

中圖分類號：S451.224 ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標志碼：A ? ? ? ? ? ? 文章編號：2097-2172（2023）02-0155-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2023.02.012

Allelopathic Effects of Camelina sativa Root Exudates on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Oil Flax and Quinoa

CAO Li 1， LIU Jie 1， ZHANG Sumei 1， FAN Tiantian 2， SONG Qian 1

（1. Pingling Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Pingliang Gansu 74400， China; 2. People's Government of Hanjiaji Township，

Huining County， Huining Gansu 730700， China）

Abstract： In order to explore the allelopathic effects of Camelina sativa root exudates on oil flax and quinoa， this research studied the effects of Camelina sativa root exudates on seed germination and seedling growth of oil flax and quinoa using hydroponics in the laboratory. The results showed that the Camelina sativa root exudates had inhibitory effects on seed germination of oil flax and quinoa， and the inhibition increased with the increase of treatment concentration. Root exudates of Camelina sativa inhibited the root length， root fresh weight and seedling fresh weight of oil flax and promoted seedling height of oil flax at low concentration treatment， but it showed little inhibitory effect at medium and high concentration treatments. It inhibited the growth of quinoa seedling， but the inhibition effect was small. Comprehensive analysis showed that the root exudates of Camelina sativa had less inhibitory effect on the growth of quinoa than that on oil flax at low concentration treatment， and more inhibitory effect on the growth of quinoa than that on oil flax was detected at medium and high concentration treatments.

Key words： Camelina sativa; Oil flax; Quinoa; Allelopathic effect; Root exudate

藜是胡麻田主要雜草之一，目前對于藜的防治多采用化學(xué)除草劑噴防［1 - 2 ］，但除草劑的大量使用易引發(fā)環(huán)境污染、后茬作物藥害等一系列相關(guān)問題，給農(nóng)作物安全生產(chǎn)和生態(tài)環(huán)境造成了威脅。利用直接從植物中提取或間接合成的化感物質(zhì)防治雜草是一種資源節(jié)約、環(huán)境友好型的生態(tài)防治方法，在降低生產(chǎn)成本的同時減少了環(huán)境污染，對生態(tài)環(huán)境保護和農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義［3 - 4 ］。

根系分泌物是指植物在生長過程中根系分泌的多種生物化學(xué)物質(zhì)的總稱，大量研究表明，根系分泌物具有化感作用，對植物生長的影響主要有促進、抑制和無聯(lián)系3種情況［5 ］。……