孟萬春 李悅
摘 要:神木地處秦晉蒙三區接壤地帶,區域內文化集他域匯融和自域濡染為一體,民風淳厚,其方言別具一格,承載著眾多民俗事象。神木獨特的飲食文化編織出一個個地域色彩濃厚的方言詞,這些方言詞又構建了神木特有的地域文化語場。以極具代表性和典型性的神木方言詞為例,窺探蘊藏于詞語中的豪放、厚道的酒文化,純正、濃厚的食文化及古樸、創新的烹調技藝文化,品讀神木人民追求美好生活、祈求綏安和順的民俗愿景,感知豪放、淳厚的民俗民風。
關鍵詞:神木;方言詞;飲食文化
中圖分類號:H172.2; K892.4 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1674-0033(2023)03-0066-06
引用格式:孟萬春,李悅.神木方言詞中的地域飲食文化[J].商洛學院學報,2023,37(3):66-71.
On Regional Food Culture in Shenmu Dialect
MENG Wan-chun, LI Yue
(College of Language and Literature, Yan'an University, Yanan? 716000,Shaanxi)
Abstract: Shenmu is located in the border area of the three districts of Qin, Jin, and Meng, and the culture in the region integrates the integration of other regions and of the region, with a simple folk custom, and its dialect is unique, carrying many folk events. Shenmu's unique food culture weaves dialect words with strong regional colors, which in turn build Shenmu's unique regional cultural field. Taking the highly representative and typical Shenmu dialect as an example, we can peek into the extravagant and generous wine culture, pure and strong food culture and simple and innovative cooking technology culture contained in the words, taste the folk vision of the Shenmu people pursuing a better life and praying for Sui'an and Shun, and perceive the bold and pure folk customs.
Key words: Shenmu; dialect words; food culture
“五方之民,言語不通,嗜欲不同。”[1]從古至今,方言詞語與民俗文化相依相存,并不斷演變。方言詞中鐫刻著民俗文化的微觀世界,民俗文化牽動著方言詞的生死損益。“古今言語,時俗不同,著述之人,楚、夏各異。”[2]可見,地域不同則文化特征不同。獨特的方言詞或指稱、或稱述、或旁涉夾帶、或反射民俗事象。每一個方言詞就是一個支撐點,它可使某一種民俗更穩定、更完整。每一種特色方言又是一個民俗集合體,它可集一種復雜的民俗現象于一詞[3]。方言詞能支撐起民俗事象,由詞連俗,見詞生義,為人們窺探一方民俗提供了路徑。
神木市位于陜西北部,屬山澗地區,東沿黃河與山西相連,是山西人“走西口”的主要通道之一,北連內蒙古自治區伊金霍洛旗,是“番漢雜居”之地,故多顯露“蒙人之風”。……