





摘要 為量化不同外源激素對無膜滴灌棉花根系的調控作用,以中棉619為試驗材料,探究了外源GA3、SA和PP333對無膜滴灌棉花幼苗根系生長發育的影響。結果表明,在處理后3~7 d,不同濃度的GA3、SA和PP333均可促進棉花幼苗主根生長;至處理后11 d,與CK相比,0.20 mg/L GA3、0.01 mmol/L SA和0.10 mg/L PP333可分別增加棉花主根長7.3%、35.8%和15.3%;低濃度的GA3(0.05和0.20 mg/L)可促進棉花根系發育,增加棉花總根長和根系總表面積;0.01、0.05和0.10 mmol/L SA均可增加總根長、根系總表面積和根體積;0.50 mg/L PP333對棉花根系總表面積、根體積和根平均直徑均有顯著促進作用。綜上,0.20 mg/L GA3、0.01 mmol/L SA和0.10 mg/L PP333為促進棉花幼苗根系發育的推薦激素及濃度。
關鍵詞 棉花幼苗;GA3;SA;PP333;根系生長
中圖分類號 S562 文獻標識碼 A
文章編號 1007-7731(2023)21-0041-06
Effects of different exogenous factors on root development of membraneless cotton seedlings
ZHAO Li1,2
(1 College of Ocean Engineering, Yantai Institute of Science and Technology, Yantai 265600, China;
2 Key Laboratory of Modern Architecture Engineering, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China)
Abstract To quantify the regulatory effects of different exogenous sources on the root system of cotton without membrane drip irrigation, this study explored the effects of exogenous GA3 , SA and PP333 on the root growth of Zhongmian619 seedlings without membrane drip irrigation. The results showed that, from 3 to 7 days after treatment, different concentrations of GA3, SA and PP333 could promote the main root growth of cotton seedlings; to 11 days after treatment, compared with CK, 0.20 mg/L GA3, 0.01 mmol/L SA and 0.10 mg/L PP333 can increase cotton taproot length by 7.3%, 35.8% and 15.3% respectively; lower concentrations of GA3 (0.05 and 0.20 mg/L) can promote cotton root development and increase the cotton root length and root Surface area; 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 mmol/L SA could increase total root length, root surface area and root volume; high concentration of PP333 (0.50 mg/L) could significantly affect cotton root development and increase total root system Surface area, root volume and average root diameter. In conclusion, 0.20 mg/L GA3, 0.01 mmol/L SA and 0.10 mg/L PP333 were the recommended concentrations to promote root development in cotton seedlings.
Keywords cotton seedling; GA3; SA; PP333; roots growth
自20世紀80年代開始推廣地膜棉種植等技術,連續多年總產、單產和調出量位居全國第一[1]。棉花是喜溫作物,采用地膜覆蓋播種可以起到增溫保墑作用,有利于棉苗生長。然而,隨著地膜使用量增加,棉田殘留地膜對土壤結構造成一定破壞,影響棉花生長甚至造成減產,制約了棉花生產的可持續發展[2-4]。無膜栽培既可省去地膜鋪蓋產生的成本,又能緩解棉田地膜殘留等問題,是促進棉花生產綠色可持續發展的途徑之一[5]。
無膜棉花種植前期土壤溫度和水分含量低導致棉花晚發,是制約無膜棉產量提升的主要因素之一。根系的發育直接影響棉苗植株的生長狀況,從而影響后期棉株的生長發育及棉花產量[6-7]。化學調控技術在作物生產上普遍使用,通過施用植物生長調節劑改變植物內源激素的構成從而調節植物的生長發育過程[8-9]。……