知識異質(zhì)性對企業(yè)創(chuàng)新績效的影響研究

[摘 要：為進(jìn)一步打開知識異質(zhì)性對企業(yè)創(chuàng)新影響的“黑箱”，文章選取知識密集型團(tuán)隊(duì)為代表的高新技術(shù)企業(yè)，將知識異質(zhì)性劃分為不同維度，力圖從領(lǐng)域異質(zhì)性、過程異質(zhì)性和情境異質(zhì)性闡釋數(shù)智時(shí)代知識不同維度對企業(yè)創(chuàng)新績效的影響；同時(shí)，引入社會(huì)資本的關(guān)系維度，探究其對知識異質(zhì)性與企業(yè)創(chuàng)新績效的調(diào)節(jié)作用。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明：領(lǐng)域異質(zhì)性對企業(yè)創(chuàng)新績效影響呈現(xiàn)“倒U”型；過程異質(zhì)性以及情境異質(zhì)性與企業(yè)創(chuàng)新績效呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)；社會(huì)關(guān)系具有重要調(diào)節(jié)作用。研究結(jié)論為知識密集型企業(yè)進(jìn)行知識管理、提高創(chuàng)新績效提供有益借鑒。

關(guān)鍵詞：知識異質(zhì)性；社會(huì)關(guān)系；創(chuàng)新績效

中圖分類號：F273.1；F276.44；F272" " "文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A " " 文章編號：1007-5097（2023）05-0042-10 ]

Abstract：To further open up the “black box” of the impact of knowledge heterogeneity on enterprise innovation，the paper selects high-tech enterprises represented by knowledge intensive teams，divides knowledge heterogeneity into different dimensions，and attempts to explain the impact of different dimensions of knowledge on enterprise innovation performance in the digital age from the perspectives of domain heterogeneity，process heterogeneity，and situational heterogeneity；at the same time，the relationship dimension of social capital is introduced to explore its moderating effect on knowledge heterogeneity and enterprise innovation performance. The empirical results indicate that the impact of domain heterogeneity on enterprise innovation performance presents an “inverted U” shape pattern；there is a significant negative correlation between process heterogeneity and situational heterogeneity and innovation performance of enterprises；social relationship plays an important moderating role. Research conclusion provides useful reference for knowledge intensive enterprises to carry out knowledge management and improve innovation performance.

Key words：knowledge heterogeneity；social relationship；innovation performance

一、引 言

以數(shù)字技術(shù)為代表的新一代科技革命改變了企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營方式，由此，數(shù)智時(shí)代下企業(yè)內(nèi)部組織管理、成員行為以及組織發(fā)展等話題逐漸引起社會(huì)廣泛關(guān)注。以數(shù)字技術(shù)應(yīng)用為主導(dǎo)的知識密集型企業(yè)為提高項(xiàng)目效率與質(zhì)量，加快數(shù)字技術(shù)知識學(xué)習(xí)的同時(shí)也逐步增強(qiáng)數(shù)字技術(shù)知識指導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目活動(dòng)服務(wù)實(shí)踐（Guinan等，2019）［1］。對此，企業(yè)需要兼收不同領(lǐng)域數(shù)字技術(shù)知識的員工，并依靠分工協(xié)作將跨領(lǐng)域的個(gè)體知識融合為組織內(nèi)部知識，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目發(fā)展與創(chuàng)新。然而短時(shí)間內(nèi)，企業(yè)中大量異質(zhì)性知識交互，容易加劇組織內(nèi)部知識異質(zhì)性沖突，使得知識管理過程變得更為復(fù)雜，甚至對企業(yè)發(fā)展帶來消極后果。……