要素價格扭曲對勞動力市場一體化的影響研究

[摘 要：基于要素市場化配置改革和區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的背景，利用2010—2019年長三角城市群27個中心城市的面板數(shù)據(jù)，借助系統(tǒng)GMM模型和中介效應模型，實證考察要素價格扭曲對勞動力市場一體化的影響及傳導機制。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：要素價格扭曲對勞動力市場一體化具有明顯的抑制效應；中介效應檢驗結(jié)果表明，要素價格扭曲主要通過降低人才集聚水平、減緩城市化進程和阻礙產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級，對勞動力市場一體化產(chǎn)生負向影響；分區(qū)域看，勞動力市場一體化高水平地區(qū)和低水平地區(qū)的要素價格扭曲都對勞動力市場一體化產(chǎn)生抑制效應，且高水平地區(qū)受影響的程度要小于低水平地區(qū)，人才集聚、城市化和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級的中介效應存在明顯的區(qū)域異質(zhì)性。

關(guān)鍵詞：長三角城市群；要素價格扭曲；勞動力市場一體化；系統(tǒng)GMM；中介效應

中圖分類號：F249.27" " " " "文獻標識碼：A " " " 文章編號：1007-5097（2023）05-0029-13 ]

Abstract：Based on the background of factor market-oriented allocation reform and regional coordinated development，this paper empirically examines the impact of factor price distortion on labor market integration and its transmission mechanism by using the panel data of 27 central cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2010 to 2019，and using the system GMM model and the mediation effect model. Research has found that factor price distortions have a significant inhibitory effect on labor market integration；mediation effect test results show that factor price distortion has a negative impact on labor market integration mainly by reducing the level of talent agglomeration，slowing down the process of urbanization，and impeding the upgrading of industrial structure；from a sub-regional perspective，factor price distortions in both high-level and low-level areas of labor market integration have a restraining effect on labor market integration，and high-level areas are less affected than low-level areas. There is obvious regional heterogeneity in the mediation effect of talent accumulation，urbanization，and industrial structure upgrading。

Key words： Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration；factor price distortion；labor market integration；systematic GMM；mediation effect

一、引 言

改革開放以來，隨著中國市場經(jīng)濟體制逐漸完善以及人口流動管控政策等不斷優(yōu)化，加快了勞動力、資本等要素跨區(qū)域有序流動，有力地推動了區(qū)域要素市場融合。但大量經(jīng)驗研究表明，我國要素市場存在明顯的價格扭曲和市場分割，其中勞動力市場呈現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)分割、所有制分割、行業(yè)分割等多元化分割現(xiàn)象［1］。因此，近年來如何減輕要素價格扭曲和市場分割，實現(xiàn)要素市場優(yōu)化配置，越來越受到黨和政府的關(guān)注。黨的十九大報告指出，經(jīng)濟體制改革必須以完善產(chǎn)權(quán)制度和要素市場化配置為重點，實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)權(quán)有效激勵、要素自由流動、價格反應靈活、競爭公平有序、企業(yè)優(yōu)勝劣汰；……