基本公共服務(wù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的時(shí)空演化特征研究

[摘 要：文章以2011—2020年長三角41個城市為研究對象，運(yùn)用耦合協(xié)調(diào)度和相對發(fā)展度模型，從時(shí)空二維視角分析基本公共服務(wù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展子系統(tǒng)的時(shí)序耦合動態(tài)演進(jìn)規(guī)律和空間格局演變特征。結(jié)果表明：從耦合協(xié)調(diào)度看，長三角城市群基本公共服務(wù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的耦合系統(tǒng)總體上處于拮抗階段，以失調(diào)衰退類型為主，耦合系統(tǒng)劣化，核心城市總體處于較高的發(fā)展層次，安徽省西部、北部總體處于較為落后的發(fā)展層次；從相對發(fā)展度看，長三角約66%的城市基本公共服務(wù)供給遠(yuǎn)超當(dāng)時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展需要，約12%的城市基本公共服務(wù)供給滯后于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所需，耦合系統(tǒng)退化，約22%的城市基本公共服務(wù)與其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展同步，耦合系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化。總之，長三角城市發(fā)展總體呈現(xiàn)不平衡性，需進(jìn)一步對產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)型升級和優(yōu)化，以加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平與公共服務(wù)供給的匹配。

關(guān)鍵詞：基本公共服務(wù)；經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展；耦合協(xié)調(diào)度；時(shí)空演化；長三角城市群

中圖分類號：F127；D630" " " " 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A " " " 文章編號：1007-5097（2023）05-0018-11 ]

Abstract：This paper takes 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta from 2011 to 2020 as the research object，and uses coupling coordination degree and relative development degree models to analyze the temporal coupling dynamic evolution law and spatial pattern evolution characteristics of basic public services and economic development subsystems from a two-dimensional perspective of time and space. The results indicate that from the perspective of coupling coordination，the coupling system between basic public services and economic development in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is generally in an antagonistic stage，with the main type of imbalance and decline，and the coupling system is deteriorated. The core cities are generally at a high level of development，while the western and northern parts of Anhui province are generally at a relatively backward level of development；from the perspective of relative development degree，about 66% of the urban basic public service supply in the Yangtze River Delta far exceeds the needs of economic development at that time，and about 12% of the urban basic public service supply lags behind the needs of economic development，resulting in the degradation of the coupling system， about 22% of urban basic public services are synchronized with their economic development，and the coupling system is optimized. In summary，the overall development of cities in the Yangtze River Delta is showing an imbalance，and further transformation，upgrading，and optimization of industries are needed to strengthen the matching between economic development level and public service supply.

Key words：basic public services；economic development；coupling coordination degree；spatial and temporal evolution；Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration

一、引 言

基本公共服務(wù)是在政府主導(dǎo)下，旨在保障社會生存和發(fā)展的基本需要，適應(yīng)于經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展水平的公共服務(wù)，是全體人民在共建共享發(fā)展中增強(qiáng)獲得感的基礎(chǔ)社會條件。黨的二十大報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)，要健全基本公共服務(wù)體系，提高公共服務(wù)水平，增強(qiáng)均衡性和可及性，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)共同富裕。然而我國幅員遼闊，區(qū)域間基本公共服務(wù)供給水平與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平之間差異巨大，阻礙了整個社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展。……