一種基于云模型的水肥配比控制策略

唐先紅 吳云志

摘要 針對(duì)水肥配比控制精度低以及控制方法對(duì)于被控系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)變化適應(yīng)性弱的問(wèn)題，開展了水肥配比控制策略設(shè)計(jì)，構(gòu)建了基于云模型的模糊PID控制方法，能夠有效改善傳統(tǒng)PID控制對(duì)被控系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)變化適應(yīng)性較弱的問(wèn)題，實(shí)現(xiàn)了根據(jù)輸入值的動(dòng)態(tài)變化對(duì)PID控制參數(shù)的實(shí)時(shí)修正。最后通過(guò)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了方法的有效性，表明將基于云模型的模糊PID控制方法用于水肥配比控制可以快速調(diào)節(jié)肥液流速，縮短水肥比例調(diào)控的時(shí)間，實(shí)現(xiàn)根據(jù)由水壓等原因?qū)е滤魉俚淖兓瘉?lái)動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)肥液流速，使得系統(tǒng)按照理想的水肥比例將水和肥同步灌溉到作物，具有較好的應(yīng)用前景。

關(guān)鍵詞 水肥一體化;云模型;模糊控制;PID控制;水肥配比

中圖分類號(hào) S 126? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A

文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2022）12-0214-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2022.10.054

開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）：

Water and Fertilizer Integration Control Strategy Based on Cloud Model

TANG Xian-hong，WU Yun-zhi （Anhui Agricultural University，Hefei，Anhui 230031）

Abstract Aiming at the problems of low precision of water fertilizer ratio control and weak adaptability of control method to the dynamic change of controlled system，we designed the control strategy of water fertilizer ratio.The fuzzy PID control method based on cloud model was proposed，and the real-time correction of PID control parameters was realized according to the dynamic change of water fertilizer ratio.The effectiveness of fuzzy PID control method based on cloud model was verified by experiments.Results showed that the fuzzy PID control method based on cloud model could quickly adjust the fertilizer flow rate，shorten the time of water fertilizer ratio regulation，and dynamically adjust the fertilizer flow rate according to the change of water flow rate caused by water pressure and other reasons，so that the system could synchronously irrigate the water and fertilizer to the crops according to the water fertilizer ratio.

Key words Water and fertilizer integration;Cloud model;Fuzzy control;PID control;Water and fertilizer ratio

水肥一體化技術(shù)自出現(xiàn)以來(lái)，許多國(guó)家，尤其是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在技術(shù)開發(fā)上投入了巨大的精力。種植環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)的融合技術(shù)國(guó)外已應(yīng)用廣泛，實(shí)現(xiàn)了農(nóng)業(yè)智能裝備控制系統(tǒng)與環(huán)境檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的高效結(jié)合[1]。在國(guó)外，以色列、美國(guó)、荷蘭、日本等國(guó)家的水肥一體化技術(shù)普遍應(yīng)用于大棚作物種養(yǎng)和實(shí)際農(nóng)田生產(chǎn)中，均已經(jīng)取得良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。其中，沙漠農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域水肥一體化技術(shù)最發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家是以色列[2];荷蘭等國(guó)家水肥一體化設(shè)備比較發(fā)達(dá)，智能施肥灌溉技術(shù)也發(fā)展得很成熟，精準(zhǔn)配肥智能灌溉技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)較早[3];以色列已經(jīng)建立了全國(guó)灌溉……