周改蓮 黃盼 謝雪婷 王倩 王乃斌 魯毅翔



摘要:? 為探究4個采收月份(即2018年的12月和2019年的1月、2月、3月)廣西莪術揮發性成分的差異性及動態變化規律,該研究利用氣相色譜-質譜聯用儀(GCMS)對揮發性成分進行分析鑒定,并運用化學計量學方法對相對含量在1%以上的揮發性成分進行數據分析。結果表明:經GCMS分析均鑒定出34種揮發性成分,不同采收月份廣西莪術揮發性成分相對含量存在差異性;主成分聚類分析均分為4類,采用偏最小二乘法判別分析發現7個差異性化合物,其中莪術呋喃二烯酮的含量在1月份達到峰值,吉馬酮和humulene 2,3epoxide兩個化合物的相對含量均在2月份達到最高,莪術烯、萜品油烯、異龍腦和表莪術呋喃烯酮在3月份達到峰值。該研究結果為廣西莪術的質量控制、生長過程控制以及其他開發研究提供了參考依據。
關鍵詞: 廣西莪術, 揮發油, GCMS, 主成分分析, 動態變化
中圖分類號:? Q946文獻標識碼:? A文章編號:? 1000-3142(2022)05-0772-09
Difference and dynamic changes of volatile components
in key harvest months of Curcuma kwangsiensis
Abstract:? To explore the difference and dynamic change of volatile components of Curcuma kwangsiensis in four harvest months (i. e. December 2018 and January, February, March 2019), gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GCMS) was used to analyze and identify the volatile components, and chemometrics method was used to analyze the volatile components with a relative content above 1%. The results were as follows:? A total of 34 volatile components were identified by GCMS analysis, and the relative contents of volatile components were different in different harvest months; The principal component cluster analysis was divided into four groups, and partial least square discriminant analysis showed that there were seven different compounds, among which the content of furanodienon reached the peak in January, and the relative contents of germacrone, humulene 2,3epoxide reached the highest in February, while curzerene, terpinolene, isoborneol and epicurzerenone reached the peak in March. This study can provide a reference for quality control, growth process control and other development and research of Curcuma kwangsiensis.
Key words: Curcuma kwangsiensis, volatile oil, GCMS, principal component analysis, dynamic change
莪術為姜科植物蓬莪術(Curcuma phaeocaulis)、廣西莪術 (C. kwangsiensis)或溫郁金(C. wenyujin)的干燥根莖。廣西莪術,又稱桂莪術,系廣西的道地藥材,始見于《藥性論》,其性溫,味辛、苦,歸肝、脾經,具有行氣破血、消積止痛的作用,用于癥瘕痞塊、瘀血經閉、胸痹心痛、食積脹痛等(國家藥典委員會,2015)。主要分布于廣西欽州、玉林、貴港和南寧等地(吳慶華和黃寶優,2018),生長于灌木叢及山坡地(中國科學院中國植物志編輯委員會,1993)。廣西莪術主要含有揮發油、二萜類、姜黃素、多糖類等多種化學成分,其中揮發油是其主……