both用法透視

李建高

英語中，both的用法比較復雜，它既可用作代詞，又可用作形容詞。為幫助同學們準確掌握其用法，現歸納如下：

一、both用作代詞，意為“雙方（都）”“兩者（都）”。

1. 在句中作主語或賓語，可單獨使用或用于both of …結構，但當of后面是名詞時，名詞前面要有the或one’s等限定詞修飾。另外，當其作主語時，謂語動詞要用復數。如：

Helen has got two friends. Both are Germans. 海倫有兩個朋友。他們都是德國人。

There were only two paintings for sale and he bought both. 只有兩幅畫待售，他都買下了。

I have two kids and both of them are friendly. 我有兩個孩子，他們都很友好。

Both of the books are useful. 那兩本書都很有用。

Of course， I wish both of your children well. 當然，我祝福你的兩個孩子都健康。

2. 用作主語的同位語。一般放在行為動詞之前，be動詞、情態動詞或助動詞之后。如：

His parents both like surfing the Internet. 他父母都喜歡上網沖浪。

The children were both too young. 兩個孩子都太小了。

Find a time when you can both go shopping. 找一個你倆都能去購物的時間。

We have both passed the driving test. 我們倆都通過了駕照考試。

注意：在簡略回答以及感嘆句中，both不能位于句尾，要放在系動詞be、助動詞或情態動詞之前。如：

—Are you ready？ 你們準備好了嗎？

—Yes， we both are. 是的，我們倆都準備好了。

How clever they both are！ 他們倆多聰明啊！

3. 用作賓語同位語。這時，both要緊跟在賓語之后。如：

You may take them both. 你可以把兩個都拿去。

He likes Li Yuan and Wang Yong both. 李源和王勇兩人他都喜歡。

二、both用作形容詞，意為“兩個……（都）”。

both作形容詞時，必須放在其他限定詞或修飾詞之前。如：

There are many beautiful flowers on both sides of the street. 街道的兩旁有很多漂亮的花。

Both （the / his） children have been to America. （那/他的）兩個孩子都去過美國。

注意：both作形容詞修飾復數名詞時，意義上與either修飾單數名詞是一樣的。如：

Both films are interesting. 兩部電影都很有趣。

Either film is interesting. 兩部（中的任何一部）電影都很有趣。

三、用作代詞或形容詞的both與not連用時，表示部分否定，意為“兩者不都”。如：

Both his sisters are not in Beijing. = Not both his sisters are in Beijing. 他的兩個妹妹并不都在北京。

I won’t take both， please. 兩個我不是都要。

Not both books are helpful. 兩本書并不都是有益處的。

四、both … and …意為“……和……都;既……又……”，連接兩個并列的句子成分;連接并列主語時，謂語動詞用復數。如：

He is famous both as an actor and as a host.

他不僅是一名著名的演員，而且也是一名著名的主持人。

Both Running Man and Singer are my favourite TV shows.

《奔跑吧兄弟》和《歌手》都是我最喜歡的電視節目。

鞏固練習

1. —What would you like， ice cream or apple juice？

— . One for my sister and the other for myself.

A. Neither B. All C. None D. Both

2. Her parents doctors. They in a hospital nearby.

A. are both; both work B. are all; work all

C. both are; work both D. all are; all work

3. It’s an either-or situation — we can buy a camera this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do .

A. other B. either C. all D. both

4. Randy wrote two novels. of them were made into films. I’ve seen them.

A. None B. Both C. All D. Neither

5. —Which do you prefer， tea or coffee？

—Either. tea coffee are my favorite.

A. Not only; but also B. Both; and

C. Neither; nor D. Either; or

Keys：DADBB