新工科背景下輕化工程虛擬仿真教學建設

李國棟 于得海 王慧麗 劉溫霞 宋兆萍 劉小娜 孔凡功

摘 ?要：新工科的建設是在新經濟、新產業發展背景下，我國為培養創新型人才而推行的教育體制改革創新。輕化工程是一門工程性和實踐性較強的學科，教學過程中優化人才培養結構，強化鍛煉學生的實際操作能力，有效提升教學質量是新工科建設下的必然選擇。傳統工科院校或科研單位所用大部分實驗教學儀器精密昂貴、結構復雜、操作難度大、維護成本高，難以適應新工科改革下對人才培養的需求。虛擬仿真實驗教學是將現代信息技術與傳統實驗教學有機融合的新型實驗教學方法，在信息技術的輔助支撐下，實現了對傳統教學時間和空間上的延伸和拓展。輕化工程虛擬仿真實驗和實踐教學模式的構建，可在現實實驗條件及實習場所不具備或難以滿足的情況下，以人機交互體驗的學習方式、寓教于樂的表現形式，培養學生的動手操作能力，輔助學生對基礎專業知識的認知，是未來學科發展和課程建設的重要組成。新工科背景下，構建適用于輕化工程專業的實驗和實踐教學模式，通過資源整合與共享機制，有助于提高學生的工程實踐能力和科研技術水平，符合新工科對傳統教學改革和創新型人才培養的需求。

關鍵詞：新工科;輕化工程;虛擬仿真;實驗教學;實踐教學

中圖分類號：G640 ? ? ? 文獻標志碼：A ? ? ? ? ?文章編號：2096-000X（2021）29-0057-04

Abstract： Under the background of new economy and new industry development， the construction of new engineering is the reform and innovation of education system to cultivate innovative talents. Light Industry is an engineering and practical subject. In the process of teaching， it is an inevitable choice to optimize the structure of personnel training， strengthen the training of students' practical ability， and effectively improve the quality of teaching. Most of the experimental teaching instruments used in traditional engineering colleges and research institutions are expensive， complex in structure， difficult in operation and high in maintenance cost， which is difficult to meet the need of personnel training under the new engineering reform. Virtual simulation experiment teaching is a new experimental teaching method， which integrates modern information technology and traditional experimental teaching. With the support of information technology， it can extend and expand the traditional teaching time and space. The construction of virtual simulation experiment and practice teaching mode of Light Industry can cultivate students' hands-on ability and assist students' cognition of basic professional knowledge by the way of human-computer interaction experience and the form of teaching in entertainment under the condition that the real experimental conditions or practice places are not available or difficult to meet. It is an important part of future discipline development and curriculum construction. Under the background of new engineering， the construction of experiment and practice teaching mode suitable for Light Industry is helpful to improve students' engineering practice ability and scientific research technology level through resource integration and sharing mechanism， which meets the need of traditional teaching reform and innovative talent training of new engineering.