馬斯達爾學院

業(yè)主單位：阿布達比酋長國未來能源公司

項目地點：阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長國阿布達比

建筑設計：福斯特建筑事務所

結(jié)構(gòu)設計：Adams Kara Taylor

實驗室設計：研究設備設計公司

合作單位：RW Armstrong

設計/建造：2007 / 2010 年

攝影：Nigel Young / 福斯特建筑事務所

Client: Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company - Masdar

Location: Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Architectural Design: Foster + Partners

Structural Engineer: Adams Kara Taylor

Laboratory Design: Research Facilities Design (RFD)

Collaborating Architect/Engineer: RW Armstrong

Design / Completion: 2007 / 2010

Photography: Nigel Young / Foster + Partners

馬斯達爾學院是由英國福斯特事務所設計、阿聯(lián)酋皇室斥資150 億到300 億美元修筑而成。它標志著馬斯達爾城首個全方位利用太陽能的建筑誕生。馬斯達爾學院(MI)校園完全由可再生的太陽能供能，用10 兆瓦太陽能提供事業(yè)單位的電力。這個太陽能研究所多生產(chǎn)60%MI 所消耗的能量，將其反饋到阿布扎比電力網(wǎng)格。研究生將成為這座城市的居民，從可持續(xù)的技術和數(shù)據(jù)，MI將協(xié)助實現(xiàn)這些實踐在未來的馬斯達爾城的建筑的應用。

校園由主樓、知識中心和學生的活動區(qū)域構(gòu)成，將使用更少能源和水，比起在阿聯(lián)酋的一般建筑。特別是研究所及其設施使用飲用水減少54%、減少51%的電力而完全由太陽能提供動力。這些削減是基于比較阿聯(lián)酋標準建筑相似的尺寸和規(guī)格。大約30%的校園能源將被屋頂上的太陽能電池板提供，75%的熱水也被太陽加熱。

學院展示了可持續(xù)原則，體現(xiàn)在總體平面圖上。面向建筑曲線外墻并提供最大陰影，為相鄰建筑物和下面的行人街道遮陽。超過5 000 平方米的屋頂安裝光伏裝置，提供電力和街道上額外的陰影。住宅的窗戶提供了mashrabiya 在當代的重新解釋，這是一種格子狀凸窗，由可持續(xù)玻璃增強混凝土構(gòu)成，彩色與當?shù)厣衬凹闪宋拿}并減少維護。光與影的穿孔基于伊斯蘭教的傳統(tǒng)建筑的模式。實驗室和學生宿舍是由各種各樣的社會空間組成，包括一個體育館,餐廳、咖啡館、知識中心、議會或者聚會場所，景觀區(qū)域擴展公民領域，創(chuàng)建了一個新的微型城市。一、二和三間臥室的公寓位于低層，形成了高密度塊，作為社會與教育實驗室環(huán)境。

這個建筑是計劃的四個階段的第一部分，最終的學生人數(shù)在600 - 800。四個住宅小區(qū)圍繞一個中心實驗室和知識中心建造，一系列額外校園建筑的第一部分，包括一座清真寺、會議廳和運動綜合體。第二階段將在今年年底開始進一步進行，包括實驗室和公寓。馬斯達爾研究所提供了10 個個人快速運輸(PRT)的入口，汽車正在從城市周邊運行，作為一個試點項目，由下面的地下室提供。這個項目是阿布扎比的承諾建立先鋒可持續(xù)技術與碳中和環(huán)境的一個國際中心的信號。

馬斯達爾學院的研究生課程和認證合作建立了在波士頓的麻省理工學院(MIT)的合作，專注于科學工程和研究的核心能源和可持續(xù)技術。

The Masdar Institute is the first part of the wider Masdar City masterplan to be realised and creates an educational focus for the entire programme. The Institute embodies the principles and goals of Masdar to create a prototypical and sustainable city and is the first building of its kind to be powered entirely by renewable solar energy. The design incorporates a variety of passive and active environmental strategies and will be used as a test-bed for the sustainable technologies that will be explored for implementation in future Masdar City buildings.

The Institute’s residences and laboratories are oriented to shade both the adjacent buildings and the pedestrian streets below and the facades are also self-shading. Over 5,000 square metres of roof-mounted photovoltaic installations provide power and further protection from the direct sun. A 10-megawatt solar field within the masterplan site provides 60 per cent more energy than is consumed by the Masdar Institute, all of which can be fed back to the Abu Dhabi grid. The campus will also use significantly less energy and water than average modern buildings in the UAE. Horizontal and vertical fins and brisesoleil shade the laboratories, which have highly flexible ‘plug and play’services to encourage interdisciplinary research. The laboratory facades are formed from highly insulative inflatable ETFE cushions, which remain cool to the touch under the intense desert sun. Cooling air currents are directed through the public spaces using a contemporary interpretation of the region’s traditional wind towers, and green landscaping and water provide evaporative cooling.

The laboratories and residential accommodation are supported by a variety of social spaces, including a gymnasium, canteen, café, knowledge centre, majlis- or meeting place - and landscaped areas that extend the civic realm. One, two and threebedroom apartments are housed in low-rise, high-density blocks, which provide a social counterpoint to the research environment. Windows in the residential buildings are protected by a contemporary reinterpretation of mashrabiya, a type of latticed projecting oriel window, constructed with sustainably developed, glass-reinforced concrete and coloured with local sand to integrate with its desert context and to minimise maintenance.The perforations for light and shade are based on the patterns found in the traditional architecture of Islam.

屋頂平面 Roof Plan

縱剖面 Long Section

? Roland Halbe

1 層平面 Level 1 Plan

橫剖面 Short Section