潘麗麗

摘要:知名校長李金池在《中國課堂的奇跡》提出了著名的“精中”高效“6+1”課堂,本文簡稱之為課堂“6+1”模式。本文首先從總體感知與解讀課堂“6+1”模式;次而,提煉課堂“6+1”教學環節的精義;最后,實踐和呈現高中英語課堂的導學提綱,以期能更精簡地理解課堂“6+1”模式要義,同時能指導中小學的教育教學實踐。
關鍵詞:課堂“6+1”模式;教學環節;導學提綱
一、課堂“6+1”模式的總體感知與解讀
1、課堂“6+1”模式的本質指向構建以學生為主體的學堂。學生是課堂的主人,教師是課堂的導演。
2、課堂“6+1”的腳本和載體是《導學提綱》。學生依據《導學提綱》進行“演繹”,教師依據《導學提綱》進行“編導”。
3、每一節“6+1”課堂都是有嚴格流程的創造。
4、課堂“6+1”模式是被實踐檢驗了的,正確高效并符合學習規律的課堂模式。
二、課堂“6+1”教學環節的精義提煉:導、思、議、展、評、檢、練
(一)導,包括導入和導學(簡)
1、導入,要簡潔有效,實現舊知向新知的導入,并激發好奇心。
2、導學,明確學習目標、學習重難點,以及對《導學提綱》自學內容進行說明和指導。
(二)思,自學和深思(靜)
學生依據《導學提綱》的路徑圖,在規定的時間內進行自學和深思。
(三)議,對議題討論(活)
自主學習后,教師將提前準備(有價值的)議題,立即通過PPT呈現,讓全體學生起立討論。
(四)展,展示自學和深思的結果(躍)
1、討論結束,教師立即通過PPT出示展示內容和要求。
2、激情展示開始,學生按照既定的規則或站立口頭表述,或走上講臺板演。
3、理科要達到5人次以上,文科要達到7人次以上。
(五)評,教師精講(精要)
1、激情展示后,教師側重規律和方法的歸納總結,對易混點進行強調,補充未展示的內容,構建本節的內容的知識網。
2、語速適當,當講必講,講貴在精,力爭不說一句廢話。
(六)檢,反芻內化(整合)
1、距下課4分鐘時,教師通過PPT告知學生進入“檢”的環節。
2、學生自檢2.5分鐘,對當堂所學的知識點、方法和規律進行回顧,反芻內化。
3、繼而,教師通過PPT或口頭提出問題,學生短暫思考后回答,教師也可點號回答,如果回答正確,給小組加分,回答錯誤給小組扣分。(不可或缺,不可拖堂)
(七)練,練習做題(遷移)
課外(自習課)進行,通過練習、作業或活動等多種形式讓學生靈活運用所學知識,最終達到學以致用的目的。
三、6+1的教學載體《導學提綱》
(一)導學提綱的內容
【學習目標】
【重點難點】
【導學流程】
Ⅰ了解感知:回顧、學習、鋪墊
Ⅱ深入學習:強化識記、分析、推理、歸納,以致夯實基礎、總結規律和方法。
Ⅲ遷移運用:利用已有的知識、技能和方法解決問題。
【合作學習設計】
合作學習內容及合作學習要求,要求是指采用何種形式和方法,達到何種程度的描述,如“借助提綱中...,組議...規律”、“兩人在討論...基礎上,互相檢查...,并構建知識網絡等”。
【展示設計】
展示重中之重的問題、一題多解的問題、易混點、典型性。能在小組解決的問題就不要展示了。
學生按照既定的規則或站立口頭表述,或走上講臺板演。教師通過激勵性語言、表情和肢體動作,激賞勇于展示的學生,鼓勵其他學生質疑、挑戰、糾錯、補充。
導學提綱在英語教學實踐中的運用
Unit3 Living legends (Period 1)
班級____________姓名_______________小組_______________
【學習目標】
1.To understand the text
2.To improve the reading ability
【重點難點】
1.Figure out the main idea?of the text and summarize the structure of the text.
2.Capture the detail information about the text.
3.Appreciate(理解) the presentation skills(表達技巧) of the article.
【導學流程】
Ⅰ了解感知——to get the main idea and the structure of the text
1.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.It’s about living legends,Lang Ping and Michael Jordan.
B.It’s about volleyball games.
C.It’s about basketball games.
D.It’s about the Boys and Girls Club.
2.Divide passage 1 into 4 parts.
3.Divide passage 2 into 3 parts.
Ⅱ深入學習——to capture the detail information
1.Decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F).
①Lang Ping has brought honour to the country as a volleyball player and coach.(?)
②It was a great challenge that Lang Ping was injured.(?)
2.What did Lang Ping do when she lost two important players?
A.She could not face the difficulties and lost heart.
B.She encouraged her players to work together.
C.She chose another two players to join the team.
D.She became the best coach in the world.
3.Which of the followingis TRUE about Lang Ping according to the passage?
A.She is the best player of China women’s volleyball team now.
B.She led the team to champions in the 2015 World Cup in Brazil.
C.She once had heart problems in the Olympics.
D.She brought honour and glory to our country as a player and a coach.
4.What do you think of Lang Ping?
__________________________________________
5.Why is Michael Jordan called“Air Jordan”?
A.Because his feet are easy to leave the ground.
B.Because his moves and jumps are unique.
C.Because his physical strength is powerful.
D.Because his moves are soft and gentle.
6.What does Jordan think of failures in his life?
He considers the secret to success is ________________.
7. Appreciate the presentation skills of the text.
(1) As a player…?As a coach…?As a person…(排比 Row sentences)
(2)…time seemd to stand still.(夸張擬人 personification)
(3)“I can accept failure…”(直接引語 direct speech)
Ⅲ遷移運用
Guess the meaning “as” according to the context.
1、prep.介詞
as a player__________
be known as?___________
2、conj.連詞
(1)As you can see,we are still working.________
(2)My mother was cooking fish as I arrived home.___________
(3)s rain has fallen, the air is cooler.______________
(4)Young as he is,he has been one of the most famous painters in our country.
(5)Do as the Romans do when in Rome.
3、關系代詞
This is the same game as I played yesterday._________
【合作學習設計】
1.According to the context in Guiding outline,summarize the usage of?“as”.
根據《導學提綱》的語境,總結as的用法。
2.According to the main idea and the structure of the two passages,draw mind maps of the two passages.(two students Check each other)
根據文章的主要意思和結構,畫思維導圖。兩人一組,互相檢查。
3.Through the spirits we have learnt from Lang Ping and Jordan,discuss in groups to form 4 sentences how to become a person with lofty ideal and adhere to the road forwards.
根據我們從郎平和喬丹身上學到的運動員精神,小組討論我們如何去做一個擁有遠大理想并堅持前行的人呢?(形成4個句子)
【展示設計】
1、as 作為連詞的用法總結。
2、表達遠大理想,堅持前行的句子。
參考文獻:
[1]李金池.中國課堂的奇跡[M].南京:南京大學出版社.2014.4