李藝君 詹巧寶 戴清慧 羅靜瑾



[摘要] 目的 分析護士長授權管理對降低低年資護士離職率的影響。方法 選取2018年1月—2020年6月該院的326名低年資護士(入職≤2年)為研究對象,將2019年3月以前入職的低年資護士分為對照組共145名,2019年3月以后入職的低年資護士分為研究組共181名。2019年3月開始對新入職的護士采用護士長授權管理模式,并讓其填寫領導授權賦能行為量表、工作滿意度量表、離職傾向表,檢驗新模式下低年資護士的離職傾向。結果 護士長授權管理模式下低年資護士對護士長授權賦能行為感知中研究組參與決策(4.19±0.16)分、結果和目標控制(4.43±0.21)分、權力委任(4.09±0.27)分、個人發展支持(4.26±0.31)分、總分(4.28±0.23)分均分明顯高于對照組,兩組比較差異有統計學意義(t=2.002、2.315、2.150、2.123、2.126,P<0.05);工作滿意度總均分(3.90±0.32)分也明顯高于對照組(2.97±0.29)分,兩組比較差異有統計學意義(P<0.05);與對照組相比,研究組新模式下低年資護士的離職傾向評分(11.36±2.59)分明顯低于對照組,兩組比較差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 護士長授權管理模式可顯著提高管理的效能,強化護士作為科室“主人翁”的理念,降低護士離職率,穩定醫院護理隊伍。
[關鍵詞] 低年資護士;離職率;授權管理
[中圖分類號] R197.32 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654(2020)08(c)-0034-03
Analysis of the Effect of Head Nurse Authorization Management in Reducing the Turnover Rate of Low-age Nurses
LI Yi-jun, ZHAN Qiao-bao, DAI Qing-hui, LUO Jing-jin
Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518101 China
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the influence of head nurses' authorization management on reducing the turnover rate of junior nurses. Methods A total of 326 low-age nurses (employment ≤ 2 years) in the hospital from January 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the research objects, and the low-age nurses who joined before March 2019 were divided into a control group with a total of 145. The low-age nurses who entered the job after March 2019 were divided into the research group with a total of 181. In March 2019, the head nurse authorization management model was adopted for newly recruited nurses, and they were asked to fill in the Leadership Authorization Enabling Behavior Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale, and Turnover Tendency Scale to test the turnover tendency of low-age nurses under the new model. Results Under the head nurses authorization management model, the research groups participation in decision-making (4.19±0.16)points, outcome and goal control (4.43±0.21)points, and power appointment (4.09±0.27)points in the perception of low-age nurses perception of the head nurses empowerment behavior, personal development support (4.26±0.31)points, total score (4.28±0.23)points;average score was significantly higher than the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.002, 2.315, 2.150, 2.123, 2.126, P<0.05 ); the total mean score of job satisfaction (3.90±0.32)points was also significantly higher than that of the control group (2.97±0.29)points. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05); compared with the control group, the study group of low-age nurses' turnover intention score was (11.36±2.59)points under the new model, significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The authorized management model of the head nurse can significantly improve the efficiency of management, strengthen the concept of nurses as the "master" of the department, reduce the turnover rate of nurses, and stabilize the hospital nursing team.
[參考文獻]
[1]? 徐靜靜,丁君蓉.低年資護士離職原因及對策[J].實用臨床護理學電子雜志,2019,4(21):155.
[2]? 程瑞希.低年資護士心理彈性的研究進展.中國心理學會.第二十一屆全國心理學學術會議摘要集[C]//北京:中國心理學會,2018:2.
[3]? 張嚴麗.結構授權與低年資護士工作投入、工作滿意度的相關性研究[J].全科護理,2019,17(1):16-18.
[4]? 賈曼,邵亦琦,繆愛梅.護士長授權賦能行為對臨床護士團結度的影響[J].中華現代護理雜志,2018(1):1872-1876.
[5]? 楊亭亭,高秀敏.低年資護士心理契約與工作滿意度、離職傾向的相關性研究[J].蚌埠醫學院學報,2017(2):264-268.
[6]? 樂漢娥,楊貴云.護理管理者人文關懷管理在降低低年資護士離職率中的效果[J].中國臨床護理,2018,10(5):69-71.
[7]? 王玉英,張瑞玲.對低年資護士進行下巡下視制度管理的效果分析[J].護理研究,2015(13):1637-1639.
[8]? 毛美娟.淺談對低年資護士長的培養和管理[J].中國衛生標準管理,2016,7(20):225-226.
[9]? 馬憲榮,徐英.探討魚骨圖分析法在提高低年資護理人員護理不良事件管理中的應用效果[J].世界最新醫學信息文摘,2018,18(7):251,255.
[10]? 任亞男,楊燕.品管圈在降低急診留觀病房低年資護士患者身份識別缺陷率的應用[J].實用臨床護理學電子雜志,2017(10):155-156.
[11]? 錢義紅.護理安全預警值在低年資護士護理安全管理中的應用效果及對護理不良事件的影響[J].中國醫學創新,2019,16(2):105-108.
(收稿日期:2020-07-20)
[基金項目] 深圳市寶安區科技創新項目(2019JD059)。
[作者簡介] 李藝君(1986-),女,本科,主管護師,主要從事創傷骨科護理、護理信息化工作。