嚴(yán)昊 吳建民



摘? 要: 本文針對基于6-UCU型Stewart平臺的并聯(lián)機(jī)床提出了一種軌跡時間優(yōu)化方法。建立該運(yùn)動平臺的運(yùn)動學(xué)逆解模型。通過三次多項式插值對上平臺的軌跡點(diǎn)進(jìn)行插值,通過反解模型求出各個驅(qū)動臂對應(yīng)的位移。建立時間優(yōu)化的模型,使用遺傳算法結(jié)合五次多項式插值對軌跡點(diǎn)之間的速度,加速度進(jìn)行求解。計算得出優(yōu)化后的運(yùn)行時間與未優(yōu)化前對比優(yōu)化了14.9%。最后將得到的加速度導(dǎo)入到ADMAS模型中進(jìn)行仿真驗證,結(jié)果表明該軌跡運(yùn)行平穩(wěn),仿真測量的驅(qū)動臂位移與計算得出無明顯差別。
關(guān)鍵詞: Stewart平臺;遺傳算法;軌跡優(yōu)化
中圖分類號: TP249? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A? ? DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6970.2020.09.030
本文著錄格式:嚴(yán)昊,吳建民. 基于6-UCU型平臺并聯(lián)機(jī)床的軌跡時間優(yōu)化[J]. 軟件,2020,41(09):108111+118
【Abstract】: This paper proposes a trajectory time optimization method for parallel machine tools based on the 6-UCU Stewart platform. In this paper, the inverse kinematics model of the motion platform was established firstly. The trajectory points of the upper platform are interpolated by cubic polynomial interpolation, and the corresponding displacement of each driving arm is obtained by the inverse solution model. Establish a time-optimized model and use genetic algorithm combined with fifth-degree polynomial interpolation to solve the velocity and acceleration between trajectory points. It is calculated that the optimized running time is optimized by 14.9% compared with that before the optimization. Finally, the obtained acceleration was imported into the ADMAS model for simulation verification. The results show that the trajectory runs smoothly, and the measured displacement of the driving arm is not significantly different from the calculation.
【Key words】: Stewart platform; Genetic algorithm; Trajectory optimization
0? 引言
隨著機(jī)器人技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,各種各樣的機(jī)器人投入到了生產(chǎn)中取代人力進(jìn)行繁重、重復(fù)的人力勞動?;谶@種現(xiàn)狀,一些專家學(xué)者著手研究對機(jī)器人的運(yùn)行軌跡進(jìn)行時間的優(yōu)化,來進(jìn)一步提高生產(chǎn)效率。Geering[1]等人利用Pontryagin最小化原理,提出了一種機(jī)器人最優(yōu)時間的軌跡規(guī)劃方法。Cong M[2]提出了一種基于模糊遺傳算法,基于速度和加速度的約束條件下,對軌跡運(yùn)行時間進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。施祥玲等[3]以從時間、能耗、沖擊三方面考慮對串聯(lián)機(jī)械臂,建立五次非均勻有理B樣條模型,采用NSGA-II算法求解實現(xiàn)了有效的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化。王宇[4]使用三次樣條插值對3R串聯(lián)機(jī)器人進(jìn)行估計規(guī)劃,并提出了一種基于遺傳算法的時間優(yōu)化方法。
本文以6-UCU型Stewart并聯(lián)機(jī)構(gòu)為研究對象,針對其在并聯(lián)機(jī)床的應(yīng)用場景,在保證其平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行的前提下,對其運(yùn)行軌跡進(jìn)行時間上的優(yōu)化?!?br>