郭江平 王俊鐸 鄭巨云 艾先濤 梁亞軍 龔照龍 李雪源
摘要:欣試518是以新品系GX619為母本,中棉所35號為父本雜交,經過多代強化選擇,定向培育而成。欣試518屬早中熟陸地棉、產量高、纖維品質優、抗枯萎病。2015~2016年新疆維吾爾自治區早中熟棉品種區域試驗結果表明:生育期134天;籽棉產量、皮棉產量和霜前皮棉產量分別為5647.5 kg/hm2、2350.5 kg/hm2和2293.5 kg/hm2,纖維長度30.8 mm、斷裂比強度30.7 cN/tex、馬克隆值4.4,枯萎病平均發病率8.52%、相對病指2.4,黃萎病平均發病率44.8%、相對病指38.11。適宜在新疆南部植棉區和北部的部分植棉區種植。
關鍵詞:欣試518;特征特性;新疆地區;高產;栽培要點
中圖分類號:S562.038? ? ?文獻標識碼:A? ? 文章編號:2095-3143(2020)05-0049-03
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3143.2020.05.007
Abstract: New Land Cotton No. 518 is based on female parent of the new variety No. 619. New Land Early No. 35 falls into male parent hybrid and is nurtured by directive breeding through multi-generation strengthening selection. And it belongs to early maturing, of high yield, better fiber quality and blight wilt resistant. The results of the regional test of early and middle maturity cotton varieties in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2015 to 2016 showed that the growth period was 134 days; the yield of seed cotton, lint yield and lint yield before frost were 5647.5 kg/hm2, 2350.5 kg/hm2 and 2293.5 kg/hm2, respectively. The fiber length is 30.8 mm, the breaking ratio strength is 30.7 cN/tex, the micronaire is 4.4, the average incidence of fusarium wilt is 8.52%, the relative disease index is 2.4, the average incidence of verticillium wilt is 44.8%, and the relative disease index is 38.11.It fits for planting in cotton planting areas in southern Xinjiang and parts of cotton planting areas in northern Xinjiang.
Key words: New Land Cotton No. 518;? Characteristics; Xinjiang area; High yield;? Cultivation point
0? 引言
欣試518是新疆農業科學院經濟作物研究所選用高抗枯萎病高產穩產的GX619做母本,用早熟豐產品種中棉所35做父本,雜交后代在枯萎病圃內按照育種目標連續強化選擇,定向培育而成[1-2]。該品種具有早熟、豐產、優質、抗病等特點,于2018年通過新疆維吾爾自治區農作物品種審定委員會審定(新審棉2018年54號)。適宜在新疆南部植棉區和北部的部分植棉區種植[5-6]。
1? 親本來源與選育過程
1.1? 親本來源及親本特性
母本GX619是新疆農業科學院經濟作物所培育的抗枯萎病耐黃萎病品系,在新疆北疆種植時葉片略小、上舉,且向光性好,葉色淡綠,植株塔形較松散,始果枝著生位為4.6節,田間生長旺盛,穩產性好。父本中棉所35是中國農業科學院棉花研究所培育的早熟、豐產品種,它曾經是新疆南疆地區的主栽品種之一。
1.2? 選育經過
2007年以GX619做母本、中棉所35做父本配制組合,進行人工去雄雜交,并當年南繁。……