【真題再現(xiàn)】 (2020浙江卷C)
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr. Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral (葬禮) followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Which of the following best describes Mr. Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan?
A. Romantic.B. Eventful.
C. Pleasant.D. Dangerous.
推理判斷題,根據(jù)原文中對湯姆·畢塞爾的各種見聞經(jīng)歷的描寫可推知,其旅行是曲折豐富且充滿故事的,所以B項正確。
考生在做推理判斷題時失分很嚴(yán)重,但此類題型在閱讀中卻占很大比重。考查學(xué)生由文章的字面信息推出未知信息或隱含信息的能力,根據(jù)文章提供的事實和線索,進行邏輯推理,推測作者未提到的事實或某事發(fā)生的可能性、作者的傾向或意圖、文章的論調(diào)等。考查類型一般分為四種:細(xì)節(jié)推理題、寫作意圖題、文章來源或讀者對象題、作者態(tài)度傾向題,本期筆者就推理判斷題談一些應(yīng)試技巧。
一、推理判斷題問題形式
1. 細(xì)節(jié)推理判斷題
一般可根據(jù)短文提供的信息或借助生活常識進行推理判斷。
常見命題形式有:
It can be inferred / concluded from the text that .
The author implies / suggests that .
We may infer that .
Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated?
2. 預(yù)測推理判斷題
根據(jù)語篇對文章接下來的內(nèi)容或可能的結(jié)局進行猜測。
常見命題形式有:
What do you think will happen if / when...?
At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write .
3. 推測文章來源或讀者對象
常見命題形式有:
The passage is probably taken out of .
The passage would most likely be found in .
Where does this text probably come from?
4. 寫作意圖、目的、態(tài)度推斷題
作者的語氣態(tài)度往往不會直接寫在文章里,只能通過細(xì)讀文章,從作者的選詞及其修飾手段中體會出來。
詢問寫作目的的題,選項里常出現(xiàn)的詞是:explain (解釋), prove (證明), persuade (勸說), advise (勸告), comment (評論), praise (贊揚), criticize (批評), entertain (娛樂), demonstrate (舉例說明), argue (辯論), tell (講述), analyze (分析)等。
詢問語氣態(tài)度的題,選項里常出現(xiàn)的詞是:neutral (中立的), sympathetic (同情的), satisfied (滿意的), friendly (友好的), enthusiastic (熱情的), subjective (主觀的), objective (客觀的), matteroffact (實事求是的), pessimistic (悲觀的), optimistic (樂觀的), critical (批評的), doubtful (懷疑的), hostile (敵對的), indifferent (冷淡的), disappointed (失望的)。
常見命題形式:
The purpose of the text is .
What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?
By mentioning..., the author aims to show that .
What is the author's attitude towards...?
What is the author's opinion on...?
The author's tone in this passage is .
二、注意干擾項的特點
1. 將文章中的已知信息作為干擾項;2. 將不符合事實、邏輯的判斷推理結(jié)果作為干擾項;3. 根據(jù)考生已有的常識來看是正確的,但是不是文章表達(dá)的意思;4. 推理過頭。……