早期康復護理對老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者的效果研究

王洪香 史秀花

[摘要] 目的 探究早期康復護理對老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者的臨床效果。方法 將2017年7月—2019年4月期間在該院接受住院治療的老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者作為研究對象，共計90例。將患者按照隨機數字表分組法，隨機分為對照組和實驗組，每組45例，對照組患者采用常規護理，實驗組患者則在常規護理上實施早期康復護理。對比兩組患者干預前后血糖值指標以及生活質量評分。結果 兩組患者護理前空腹血糖值、餐后2 h血糖值以及糖化血紅蛋白指標差異無統計學意義（P>0.05）;護理后，實驗組患者空腹血糖值、餐后2 h血糖值以及糖化血紅蛋白指標，均明顯低于對照組（P<0.05）;實驗組患者生活質量評分明顯高于對照組，組間差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 早期康復護理可改善老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者生活質量，護理效果顯著。

[關鍵詞] 早期康復護理;糖尿病;老年;心肌梗死;臨床效果

[中圖分類號] R47? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1672-4062（2020）08（a）-0081-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical effect of early rehabilitation nursing on elderly patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with myocardial infarction. Methods A total of 90 patients with senile diabetes mellitus complicated with myocardial infarction who were hospitalized in the hospital from July 2017 to April 2019 were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table method. The control group received routine care， and the experimental group performed early rehabilitation care on routine care. Blood glucose values? and quality of life scores were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Results Before nursing there were no statistically significant differences in fasting blood glucose， postprandial blood glucose， and glycosylated hemoglobin between the two groups（P>0.05）. After nursing， the fasting blood glucose， postprandial blood glucose， and glycosylated hemoglobin in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group（P<0.05）; the quality of life scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group， and the difference between the groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Early rehabilitation nursing can improve the quality of life of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with myocardial infarction， and the nursing effect is significant.

[Key words] Early rehabilitation nursing; Diabetes; Old age; Myocardial infarction; Clinical effect

糖尿病是一組以高血壓為特征的代謝性疾病[1]，而高血糖則是由于生物作用受損或胰島素分泌缺陷引起，還有可能兩者兼有[2]。糖尿病的主要臨床癥狀表現為疲乏無力、肥胖、多飲、多食、多尿以及消瘦[3]。由于糖尿病為慢性代謝性疾病，因此，早期多無明顯癥狀，而長期的存在高血糖，則極易導致各種組織發生功能障礙，如腎、眼、血管以及心臟等功能受損，因此，極易合并冠心病[4]，使冠狀動脈發生損傷，導致冠狀動脈狹窄，甚至發生動脈閉塞，且心肌梗死已成為糖尿病患者的主要合并癥之一。目前，臨床對糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者的治療方案尚已完善，但因治療后患者血糖容易反復，且術后患者恢復周期較長，致使患者生活質量受到嚴重影響[5]，因此，在對糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者實施治療時，還應積極配合有效的護理干預，以促進患者康復。早期康復護理是康復醫學和護理學相結合的專業技術，其護理目的主要為通過對患者實施有效的護理干預，達到快速促進患者康復的目的，該次研究選取2017年7月—2019年4月期間在該院接受住院治療的老年糖尿病合并心肌梗死90例患者作為研究對象，探究早期康復護理對糖尿病合并心肌梗死患者血糖指標及生活質量的影響，現報道如下。