病句診療室

李建高

1. 幸虧有他們的幫助，我的英語好多了。

【誤】Thanks for their help， my English is much better.

【正】Thanks to their help， my English is much better.

【析】thanks for意為“因……而感謝”，而thanks to意為“幸虧;由于;因為”，后面可以接sb.或sth.。

2. 抽煙對你有害，你最好戒了它。

【誤】Smoking is bad for you. You’d better give up it.

【正】Smoking is bad for you. You’d better give it up.

【析】give up意為“放棄”，其后可接名詞、代詞或V-ing形式作賓語;當代詞作其賓語時，代詞應置于give和up兩詞之間。

3. 我們不得不走回家，因為我們的錢花光了。

【誤】We had to walk home because our money ran out of.

【正】We had to walk home because our money ran out.

【析】run out of sth.意為“用完某物;耗盡某物”，表示主動意義，主語通常是人;run out表示“被用完;被耗盡”，主語通常是表示時間、金錢、食物等的名詞。

4. 老人在鄉下過著孤獨的生活。

【誤】The old man lives an alone life in the countryside.

【正】The old man lives a lonely life in the countryside.

【析】alone作形容詞時，意為“單獨的;獨自的”，alone作副詞時，意為“獨自地;單獨地”，強調客觀上只有一個人。lonely作形容詞，意為“孤獨的;寂寞的”，強調心靈上的孤獨寂寞，在句中既可作定語，又可作表語。

5. 我們將盡自己所能來幫助這位病人。

【誤】We will do what we can help the sick man.

【正】We will do what we can to help the sick man.

【析】情態動詞can后面一般跟動詞原形，但句中的can后面省略了動詞do，what we can （do）在句中作do的賓語，句子后面接動詞不定式作目的狀語。

6. 請把你的詞典借給我好嗎？

【誤】Could you please borrow me your dictionary？

【正】Could you please lend me your dictionary？

【析】borrow意為“借;借用”，borrow sth. from sb.意為“向某人借用某物”。lend意為“借給;借出”，lend sb. sth. / lend sth. to sb.意為“把某物借給某人”。

7. 我們應該好好照顧老人。

【誤】We should take well care of the old.

【正】We should take good care of the old.

【正】We should look after the old well.

【析】take care of意為“照看;照顧”，與look after和care for意思相近。表示“好好照顧”用take good care of或look after ...well。

8. 她是什么時候旅行回來的？

【誤】When did she return back home from the trip？

【正】When did she return home from the trip？

【析】return表示“回來;返回”時，相當于go / come back;return還可以表示“歸還”，return sth. to sb.意為“把某物還給某人”。

9. 我哥哥比我大兩歲。

【誤】My elder brother is two years elder than me.

【正】My elder brother is two years older than me.

【析】elder意為“年紀較長的”，作形容詞時只能用于名詞前，不能與than連用。

10. 和絲綢相比，棉花便宜多了。

【誤】Compared of silk， cotton is much cheaper.

【正】Compared to / with silk， cotton is much cheaper.

【析】compare意為“比較”，compared with / to sth.意為“和某物相比較”，常常在句中作狀語。