老年2型糖尿病合并腦梗塞的早期康復護理探討

劉冬梅

[摘要] 目的 探究老年2型糖尿病合并腦梗塞的早期康復護理方案。方法 將2018年6月—2019年9月這一時段內在該院治療的老年2型糖尿病合并腦梗塞患者84例納入研究，采用隨機數字表法，將之分為兩組，每組42例，對照組給予常規護理，觀察組在此基礎上給予早期康復護理，對比兩組護理成效。結果 干預后，觀察組NIHSS評分為（13.52±1.08）分、FMA評分為（48.80±3.02）分、Barthel評分為（45.05±2.73）分;對照組NIHSS評分為（18.95±1.27）分、FMA評分為（41.96±2.34）分、Barthel評分為（37.15±2.10）分。觀察組干預后NIHSS評分明顯低于對照組，FMA、Barthel評分則均明顯高于對照組，兩組之間的數據差異有統計學意義（t=9.112、9.280、9.132，P<0.05）。結論 早期康復護理應用于老年2型糖尿病合并腦梗塞中，可促進患者病情康復，改善其預后生活能力，值得采納應用。

[關鍵詞] 老年患者;2型糖尿病;腦梗塞;早期康復護理

[中圖分類號] R47 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻標識碼] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號] 1672-4062（2020）06（a）-0132-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the early rehabilitation nursing plan for elderly type 2 diabetes with cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 84 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes and cerebral infarction treated in the hospital from June 2018 to September 2019 were included in the study. Random number table method was used to divide them into two groups， 42 cases in each group. The control group was given routine care， and the observation group was given early rehabilitation care on this basis to compare the effectiveness of the two groups. Results After intervention， the NIHSS score of the observation group was （13.52±1.08）points， the FMA score was （48.80±3.02）points， the Barthel score was （45.05±2.73）points; the NIHSS score of the control group was （18.95±1.27）points， and the FMA score was （41.96±2.34）points， Barthel score was （37.15±2.10）points. The NIHSS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after intervention， and the FMA and Barthel scores were significantly higher than the control group. The data between the two groups were significantly different （t=9.112， 9.280， 9.132， P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of early rehabilitation nursing in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes combined with cerebral infarction can promote the recovery of the patient's condition and improve their prognosis and life ability.

[Key words] Elderly patients; Type 2 diabetes; Cerebral infarction; Early rehabilitation nursing

糖尿病是一種臨床常見的代謝性疾病，其基本特征為高血糖，根據病癥特點，可分為1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病這兩種癥型，二者比例約為1：9。作為一種終身性疾病，患者日常生活中需按時服藥，加強在飲食、作息、運動上的自我管理，如若管理不到位，病情無法控制，會增加腦梗塞等心腦血管事件的發生風險[1-2]。在我國，2型糖尿病發生率極高，且不少患者并發腦梗塞，兩種疾病相互影響，彼此促進，在治療及護理時，應同時加強對這兩種疾病的管控。近年來，有學者表示，針對老年2型糖尿病合并腦梗塞患者，加強早期康復護理方法干預的效果顯著，可促進患者早日康復。鑒于此，該次試驗將該院2018年6月—2019年9月收治的84例老年2型糖尿病合并腦梗塞患者作為研究的對象，旨在探究老年2型糖尿病合并腦梗塞的早期康復護理方案，報道如下。

1 ?資料與方法

1.1 ?一般資料