Pubs in the UK英國的酒吧

楊舟

What is a pub？

The word pub is short for public house. There are over 60，000 pubs in the UK （about 53，000 in England and Wales， 5，200 in Scotland and 1，600 in Northern Ireland）. One of the oldest pubs， Fighting Cocks in St. Albans， Herts， is located in a building that dates back to the eleventh century.

什么是酒吧？

“pub”這個詞是“public house”的縮寫。在英國有6萬多家酒吧（英格蘭和威爾士有約53000家，蘇格蘭有約5200家，北愛爾蘭有約1600家）。赫特福德郡圣奧爾本斯的“斗雞酒吧”是（英國）最古老的酒吧之一，它位于一座歷史可以追溯到11世紀的建筑中。

Pubs are popular social meeting places.

Pubs are an important part of British life. People talk， eat， drink， meet their friends and relax there.

Pubs often have two bars， and one usually quieter than the other. Many pubs have a garden where people can sit in the summer. Children can go in pub gardens with their parents.

Groups of friends normally buy “rounds” of drinks. The person whose turn it is will buy drinks for all the members of the group. It is sometimes difficult to get served when pubs are busy. People do not queue， but the bar staff will usually try and serve those who have been waiting the longest at the bar first. If you spill1 a strangers drink by accident， it is good manners to offer to buy another drink.

酒吧是很受歡迎的社交場所。

酒吧是英國人生活的重要組成部分。人們在那里聊天、吃飯、喝酒、結識朋友、放松身心。

酒吧通常有兩個吧臺，一個通常比另一個安靜。很多酒吧都有花園，在夏天人們可以坐在那里。孩子們可以和父母一起去酒吧里的花園。

一群朋友通常會“輪流”買酒，輪到誰誰就會為所有的人買酒。在酒吧很繁忙的時候，有時很難有人招待。人們不排隊，但酒吧的員工通常會盡量先為那些在酒吧等候的時間最長的人服務。如果你不小心把陌生人的飲料灑了，禮貌的做法是主動提出為對方再買一杯。

British Beer

Most pubs belong to a brewery （a company which makes beer） but sell many different kinds of beer， some on tap （from a big container under the bar） and some in bottles. The most popular kind of British beer is Bitter， which is dark and served at room temperature （not hot， not cold）. British beer is brewed2 from malt3 and hops4.

More popular today though is Lager， which is lighter in colour and served cold. Guinness， a very dark， creamy kind of beer called a stout5， is made in Ireland and is popular all over Britain.

In the West of England， cider6 made from apples， is very popular. Like wine， it is described as sweet or dry， but is drunk in beer glasses and can be stronger than beer.

Beers are served in “pints7” for a large glass and “halves” for a smaller one.

英國啤酒

大多數酒吧屬于某家釀酒廠（生產啤酒的公司），但出售許多不同種類的啤酒，一些是通過（連著吧臺下面大容器的）水龍頭供應的，一些是瓶裝的。最受歡迎的英國啤酒是苦啤酒，它顏色偏暗，供應的是常溫的（既不熱，也不冷）。英國啤酒是用麥芽和啤酒花釀造的。

不過，如今更受歡迎的是淡啤酒，它顏色較淺，供應的是冰的。而吉尼斯黑啤酒，是一種顏色很深，如奶油般柔和醇美的烈性啤酒，產于愛爾蘭，在英國很受歡迎。

在英格蘭西部，用蘋果制作的蘋果酒很受歡迎。它和葡萄酒一樣，用甜（含糖量大）或干（含糖量?。﹣韰^分，是用啤酒杯盛來喝的，但可能比啤酒更烈?！?br>