淺談磨銑工具在塔探1井的應用

童葉森 聶尊浩 蔡山順 陳若曦 易早立

摘要：隨著西南油氣田勘探開發逐漸向深部復雜地層發展，深部海相地層高壓力系數、井底高溫、裂縫發育等引起的故障復雜越來越多。本文詳細闡述了塔探1井卡鉆前的施工過程，卡鉆后的處理情況，以及井下落魚結構及落魚所處位置等相關信息，統計各類型磨鞋磨銑井下121mm鉆鋌的機械鉆速和進尺，結合磨鞋出井磨損情況分析，針對井下落魚為鋼級更高、壁厚更厚的鉆鋌，提出了磨鞋選型優選方案，達到提高落魚磨銑效率的目的;為以后磨銑類似井下落魚的磨鞋選型提供參考。

Abstract： As the exploration and development of oil and gas fields in Southwest China gradually develops into deep complex formations， the failures caused by the high pressure coefficient of deep marine formations， high temperature of bottom hole and the development of fractures are becoming more and more complicated. This article elaborated on the construction process before the stuck pipe in Tatan 1# well， the processing situation after stuck pipe， and the relevant information such as the structure of the fish falling in the well and the location of the fish falling， and statistics of the drilling speed and footage of various types of shoe grinding and milling machinery under the 121mm drill collar. Combined with the analysis of the wear situation of the grinding shoe out of the well， for the drill collar with a higher steel grade and a thicker wall thickness， a preferred shoe grinding type selection scheme is proposed to achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency of the grinding and milling of the fish. It will provide a reference for the selection of grinding shoes similar to the well-dwelling fish in the future.

關鍵詞：磨鞋;鉆鋌;磨銑;選型

Key words： grinding shoes;drill collar;grinding and milling;selection

中圖分類號：TE921? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼：A? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文章編號：1006-4311（2020）21-121-03

0? 引言

在油氣鉆井作業中，難免出現掉鉆頭牙輪或斷、掉鉆具在井底。在入井其它工具打撈不成功時則只有下入磨鞋去磨銑井底所掉落魚[1]。相較于鉆桿，井下落魚為鋼級更高、壁厚更厚的鉆鋌時，在磨銑過程中存在單趟鉆磨銑時間短，磨銑進尺低，起下鉆頻繁等諸多問題，使得井下復雜的處理周期變長，鉆井成本增加。文中將對塔探1井磨銑121mm螺旋鉆鋌過程中所使用的各種磨鞋進行詳細描述，通過對比分析所使用的磨鞋實際磨銑效果，找出導致磨銑進度緩慢的原因，優化磨鞋選型。

1? 塔探1井概況

1.1 塔探1井基本情況

塔探1井是中國石油西南油氣田分公司在四川盆地大塔場構造上部署的一口風險探井，該井位于四川省宜賓市宜賓縣境內，設計井深6755m，以燈二段為目的層，鉆探目的是了解大塔場構造燈影組及下古生界儲層發育及含流體情況。……