首批20項“浙江文化印記”誕生

李玲玲

浙江歷史悠久、源遠流長。在這片神奇的土地上，浙江人民創造了千姿百態、光輝燦爛的文化成果。

經過一年的征集、評審，2020年5月首批共20項“浙江文化印記”在杭州誕生。

按照歷史時序排列，首批“浙江文化印記”分別是：河姆渡遺址、良渚古城遺址、杭嘉湖絲綢、青瓷、西施傳說、紹興黃酒、天臺山、《蘭亭序》、京杭大運河浙江段、杭州西湖、普陀山、錢塘潮、南宋皇城遺址、南宗孔廟、浙東學派、婺劇、龍井茶、西泠印社、南湖紅船、越劇。

浙江歷史悠久、源遠流長，是中華文明的發祥地之一。在這片神奇的土地上，浙江人民創造了千姿百態、光輝燦爛的文化成果，文物遺跡數不勝數，文化精品琳瑯滿目，文化樣式異彩紛呈，為豐富和發展中華文化作出了重要貢獻。發掘好、傳承好、利用好浙江優秀傳統文化資源，是歷史賦予我們的重要使命。去年以來，“浙江文化印記”征集評選活動在浙江開展。通過廣泛征集、專家評審和社會投票，不久前產生了首批20項“浙江文化印記”。

本次征集評選范圍分物質形態和非物質形態兩大類，以歷史文化資源和文化現象為主，兼顧現當代，主要包括遺址文物、歷史事件、思想學派、著作著述、藝術樣式、文化機構、民俗節慶、經典產品、文化地標等9個門類，文化人物未列入本次評選。

從首批20項“浙江文化印記”的類別來看，品種豐富，較為全面地展現了浙江悠久的歷史和深厚的文化底蘊。這20項“文化印記”中，有遺址文物5項，包括杭州西湖、京杭大運河浙江段、良渚古城遺址等被列入世界文化遺產名錄的項目;有經典產品4項，包括杭嘉湖絲綢、青瓷、龍井茶、紹興黃酒;有藝術樣式兩項，為越劇、婺劇;歷史事件1項，為南湖紅船。從項目地域分布來看，覆蓋了我省11個地市。

在征集評選的條件上，要求具有“四個性”：一是經典性，為浙江優秀文化代表。如入選的《蘭亭序》，為“天下第一行書”，是書圣王羲之的代表作，是思想性和藝術性相統一的文化精品，是經得起歷史檢驗的傳世之作;二是地域性，體現地方文化特色，為當地文化標記標識。如西湖、普陀山，就是杭州、舟山這兩個地方最具代表性的文化地標;三是獨特性，為浙江獨有。如越劇和婺劇，就是誕生在浙江、成長在浙江的傳統劇種，具有獨一無二的特征;四是傳承性，承載文明、傳承文化，維系民族精神。如本次入選的浙東學派，繼承和發展了浙東學術史上的優良傳統，博納兼容，倡導“經世致用”，幾百年來始終浸潤、滋養著浙江人民，影響著浙江人民的價值追求，其中的永嘉學派也是當代浙江人“敢為天下先”創業創新精神的源頭活水。

這20項浙江文化印記是怎么脫穎而出的？

因為“浙江文化印記”征集評選關乎浙江的文化發展，影響著百姓的精神文化生活，所以體現規范性、專業性，體現廣大群眾的參與度、認同度就是題中之義。本次“浙江文化印記”征集評選活動，就包括四個階段——

征集工作于2019年5月5日啟動，通過各縣（市、區）、市、省級宣傳文化單位層層篩選，逐級報送。除此之外，省級主要媒體發布《“文化印記”征集令》，開設網上征集通道，接受社會各界人士積極參與。至去年7月底止，共征集到參評項目399個。

堅持用史實和數據說話，對參評項目進行反復論證，嚴把質量關。經過3輪專家評審，從399個項目中篩選出30個首批“文化印記”候選項目，形成首批“文化印記”建議名單。

去年11月，通過省級主要媒體，對30個首批“文化印記”候選項目進行群眾投票，社會各界熱心人士積極響應，僅錢江晚報小時新聞客戶端閱讀量就達95.3萬、公眾投票量12.5萬。

在群眾投票的基礎上，主辦方召開專題會議進行綜合評審，從30個候選項目中選取20項作為首批“浙江文化印記”建議名單提交并最終審定。

On May 15， 2015， a press conference was held in Hangzhou to announce the 20 representative cultural symbols of Zhejiang. Chronologically， the twenty symbols are as follows： the site of Hemudu Culture， the ancient city of Liangzhu Culture， Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou silk， celadon， the legend of Xi Shi， the Shaoxing rice wine， Mount Tiantai， ?， the Zhejiang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal， the West Lake of Hangzhou， Mount Putuo， the tidal bore of the Qiantang River， the site of the imperial city of the Southern Song， the Confucius Temple of the South， the Eastern Zhejiang School， Wuju Opera， Dragon Well Tea， Xiling Seal Art Society， Red Boat of the South Lake， Yueju Opera. It is the first time that Zhejiang is culturally identified. There will be more cultural symbols of the province to be identified.

The selection is confined to both tangible and intangible categories. The first list does not include cultural figures. The two categories include historical and cultural resources and cultural phenomena of the past and the present in nine subcategories： ancient archaeological sites， historical events， thought and academic schools， writings， art genres， cultural institutions， folk celebrities， traditional products， and physical cultural signposts.

The work of the public selection of the cultural symbols started on May 5， 2019.

The recommendation was done by cultural institutions across Zhejiang in respective cities and by the general public online. By the end of July 2019， there had been 399 candidates recommended.

Then experts were engaged to review the long list. The 399 candidates were scrutinized on the basis of historical facts and data. After three rounds of reviews， 30 were shortlisted. Last November， the 30 candidates were issued on news media for the public voting. Hundreds of thousands voted.

With the votes in， the organizers held a special session to finalize a list of 20 winners.

The first 20 are indeed representative cultural symbols of Zhejiang. Of the 20， there are five cultural heritages. The West Lake， the Zhejiang section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal， and the archaeological site of Liangzhu City are UNESCO world heritage sites. Silk， celadon， Dragon Well Tea and Shaoxing rice wine are time-honored regional products. In the subcategory of art genres are Wuju Opera and Yueju Opera， two unique regional operas that enjoy wide popularity. The Red Boat of the South Lake symbolizes the founding of the Communist Party of China in 1921. The founding fathers of the CPC met in the boat on the lake and ushered in a political party that has brought huge and fundamental changes to China. Eastern Zhejiang School is on the list essentially because the prominent academic group left huge impact on the history of Zhejiang. The school emphasized that knowledge should lead to pragmatic applications and bring benefits to the general public. What the school championed so many centuries ago is on the mind of the people in Zhejiang. The Yongjia School， part of the Eastern Zhejiang School， upheld “dare to pioneer，” a cultural characteristic of the province， which has made Zhejiang stand out as a daring pioneer in Chinas reform and opening up to the outside world. ?is a unique cultural treasure Zhejiang boasts. Calligrapher Wang Xizhi （303-361） wrote this timeless essay after a springtime gathering in Orchid Pavilion in Zhejiang. The handwritten masterpiece is part of the canon of Chinese calligraphy. The West Lake and Mount Putuo are physical cultural landmarks of Hangzhou and Zhoushan respectively.