網絡負面輿情與網絡文化安全預警機制研究

尹夢瑤 尹文平

摘? ?要：網絡文化是指以網絡、智能手機等智能終端設備為媒體進行的信息交流、宣傳報道等文化活動。網絡是一把雙刃劍，既有利也有弊，諸如網絡負面輿情帶來的網絡文化安全逐漸引起人們的重視。網絡負面輿情尤其是不實的輿情會損害黨政機關的形象，有效應對網絡負面輿情成為各級機關亟待解決的問題，而輿情預警是有效應對和妥善處理網絡負面輿情的前提。新媒體時代，各級機關要建立健全網絡文化安全預警機制，對涉及本地或單位的網絡負面輿情及時收集、處理，防患于未然。

關鍵詞：網絡負面輿情;網絡文化安全;預警

Abstract： Network culture refers to the cultural activities such as information exchange， propaganda and report carried out by the network， smart phones and other intelligent terminal devices as the media. The network is a double-edged sword， which has both advantages and disadvantages. For example， the network culture security brought by the negative public opinion of the network has gradually attracted people's attention. The negative public opinion on the Internet， especially the false public opinion， will damage the image of the CPC and government organs. The effective response to the negative public opinion on the Internet has become an urgent problem to be solved by the organs at all levels， and the public opinion early warning is the premise of the effective response and proper handling of the negative public opinion on the Internet. In the era of new media， authorities at all levels should establish and improve the early-warning mechanism of network culture security， collect and deal with the negative public opinions of the local or unit network in a timely manner， so as to prevent them from happening.

Key words： network negative public opinion; network culture security; early warning

1 引言

當今時代，互聯網得到飛速發展和廣泛普及，特別是智能手機的普及，對社會生活以及經濟、政治、文化等各個方面發展產生了深刻的影響，也引領了網絡文化的發展。網絡是一把雙刃劍，有的雇傭網絡水軍，操縱和控制網絡言論，破壞網絡空間秩序[1]。網絡負面輿情會損害黨政機關等單位的形象，網絡文化安全逐漸引起這些單位的重視，而輿情預警是有效應對和妥善處理網絡負面輿情的前提。《國家突發公共事件總體應急預案》規定，“各地區、各部門要針對各種可能發生的突發公共事件，完善預測預警機制，建立預測預警系統，開展風險分析，做到早發現、早報告、早處置”[2]。網絡空間安全已成為影響政治、社會領域的因素[3]。新媒體時代，各級機關要建立健全網絡文化安全預警機制，對涉及本地或單位的網絡負面輿情及時收集、處理，做出科學預測和判斷，及時進行預警，以防患于未然。……