?新生代農民工城市融入影響因素及應對策略?

?逄澤輝 劉骙骙 張黎娜 張瑜 王慶華?

摘 要：為了探討新生代農民工城市融入過程中的影響因素和應對策略，采用整群抽樣方法，對煙臺市288名新生代農民工融入城市狀況進行問卷調查，收集數據并采用二元Logistic回歸模型對其影響因素進行分析。結果表明：新生代農民工融入城市受經濟、社會融合、制度保障、文化心理和在城市工作時間等方面的影響，制度融入、經濟水平融入、社會生活融入程度越高，定居的可能性就越大;文化心理融入程度越低，定居的可能性越小。建議通過提高新生代農民工收入、完善法制保障和社會保障機制、社會媒體輿論合理引導等對策促進新生代農民工盡快融入城市，推動我國城鎮化建設進程。

關鍵詞：新型城鎮化;新生代農民工;城市融入;影響因素;應對策略

中圖分類號：F299.21 文獻標識碼：A文章編號：1006-060X（2020）04-0102-05

Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of New Generation Rural Migrant

Workers Urban Integration

PANG Ze-hui，LIU Kui-kui，ZHANG Li-na，ZHANG Yu，WANG Qing-hua

（Department of Nursing Humanities， Binzhou Medical College， Binzhou 256603， PRC）

Abstract： In order to explore the coping strategies and the influencing factors of the new generation of rural migrant workers in the process of urban integration ， 288 new generation rural migrant workers in Yantai City were investigated by using the cluster sampling method through questionnaire survey. The data were collected and the influencing factors were analyzed by using the binary logistic regression model. The results showed that the integration of the new generation rural migrant workers into the city was affected by the economic level， social integration， institutional security， cultural psychology and working hours in the city. The higher the degree of institutional integration， economic level integration and social life integration， the greater the possibility of settlement; the lower the degree of cultural psychological integration， the less the possibility of settlement. Therefore， by improving the income of rural migrant workers of the new generation， improving the legal security and social security mechanisms， reasonable guiding to public opinion of social media and other countermeasures， we can promote the integration of the new generation of rural migrant workers into the city and promote the process of urbanization.

Key words：new urbanization; new generation of rural migrant workers; urban integration; influencing factors; coping strategies

近年來，國民經濟的快速增長推動了中國的城市化進程，在新型城鎮化進程中，農民工作為一個特殊階層，為農村的發展、城市的繁榮和國家的現代化做出了巨大的貢獻，但是新生代農民工在城市中的生活空間并未隨時間推移而產生較高的社會包容性，社會體系的完備程度尚無法直接提供經濟輔助或政策支持，農民工快速融入城市仍然存在諸多限制因素。新生代農民工在當前一段時間還將處于“半城市化”狀態，基于新型城鎮化進程的新生代農民工城市融入問題的解決是一項復雜的長期工作，筆者從新生代農民工城市融入影響因素展開研究，結合我國國情，通過對政策和制度的學習，探討推進新生代農民工城市融入進程的有針對性、健康發展的理想路徑。……