勞均耕地面積>城鎮(zhèn)化率>耕地復(fù)種指數(shù)>農(nóng)村居民人均可支配收入>財(cái)政支農(nóng)支" />
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摘 要:為充分了解湖南省的耕地利用情況,采用超效率DEA—Malmquist指數(shù)模型,構(gòu)建湖南省耕地利用效率評價(jià)體系,測算2001—2017年湖南省耕地利用效率;運(yùn)用Tobit模型分析耕地利用效率主要的影響因素。結(jié)果表明:2001—2017年湖南省耕地利用效率總體位于一個(gè)較高的水平,平均值為0.972;從耕地利用效率影響因素來看,各影響因素從大到小排序?yàn)橛行Ч喔嚷?勞均耕地面積>城鎮(zhèn)化率>耕地復(fù)種指數(shù)>農(nóng)村居民人均可支配收入>財(cái)政支農(nóng)支出占財(cái)政總支出比重>單位耕地面積農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械總動力>人均GDP>單位耕地面積化肥施用量。最后,針對耕地利用情況提出相應(yīng)的建議。
關(guān)鍵詞:耕地利用效率;超效率DEA模型;Malmquist指數(shù);Tobit回歸模型;湖南省
中圖分類號:F301.2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1006-060X(2020)04-0023-04
Analytical Research of the Land Use Efficiency and Influence Factors in Hunan Province
CHEN Jun-yu,HUANG Zhen-guo,CHEN Li-hua,ZHOU Ke-yan,TAN Jie-yang,LIU Fang-qing
(Hunan Agricultural Economy and Regional Planning Research Institute, Changsha 410125, PRC)
Abstract: In order to learn the situation of cultivated land use of Hunan Province, we used the super efficiency DEA model and Malmquist index to establish the evaluation system and calculate the use efficiency of cultivated lands of Hunan Province during the period from 2001 to 2017. Meanwhile, we used the Tobit model to analysis the main factors of the land use efficiency. The results showed that the average value of cultivated land use efficiency in Hunan Province from 2001 to 2017 was 0.972, the efficiency was at a high level. According to the different directions and degrees of the influence factors of cultivated land use efficiency, the value of each influencing factor ranked from high to low level: effective irrigated rate, cultivated land per capita, urbanization rate, multiple cropping index, per capita disposable income of rural residents, proportion of fiscal expenditure on agriculture to total fiscal expenditure, total power of agricultural machinery per unit cultivated area, per capita GDP, fertilizer use per unit cultivated land area. The corresponding suggestions are put forward.
Key words: cultivated land use efficiency; super-efficiency DEA model; Malmquist index; Tobit model; Hunan Province
耕地是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的基本要素,是糧食生產(chǎn)無法替代的資源要素,不僅關(guān)系國家經(jīng)濟(jì)社會穩(wěn)定,而且關(guān)系國家的長遠(yuǎn)利益和可持續(xù)發(fā)展[1-2]。在快速城鎮(zhèn)化和人地矛盾不斷激化的背景下,關(guān)注耕地利用效率,探討分析其影響因素具有重要意義。對不同地區(qū)耕地利用效率的研究初期,學(xué)術(shù)界主要是采用因子分析法和單要素生產(chǎn)率評價(jià)法[3-4]等來測算,后期逐漸有學(xué)者采用C-D生產(chǎn)函數(shù)法、農(nóng)用地邊際收益、隨機(jī)前沿生產(chǎn)函數(shù)法等方法[5-8],目前較為常用的方法是數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析法(DEA)[9-11];對耕地利用效率的影響因素的研究則主要以DEA—Tobit 模型為主[12-13]。湖南作為農(nóng)業(yè)大省,承擔(dān)著維護(hù)國家糧食安全的重任,然而現(xiàn)在全省耕地仍存在后備資源短缺、利用強(qiáng)度不均衡、質(zhì)量下降等一系列問題。因此,測算湖南省……