英文摘要

Assessmentofnon-marketeconomicvaluesofnationalwaterparks—CasestudyofYimenghuNationalWaterPark

XIAO Jianhong1,2,3, LI Xiaosong2,3, WANG Min2, ZHAO Yuzong1,3, GAO Xue2,3

(1.School of Tourism and Geography Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; 2.Business College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; 3.Research Center for Marine Management Strategy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China)

Abstract: The construction and management of national water parks is an important part of realizing water ecological civilization and beautiful China. The protection of national water parks requires an assessment of their non-market economic values (use values and non-use values). Based on the single-bound and double-bound dichotomous contingent valuation method techniques, the use values and non-use values of Yimenghu National Water Park are quantitatively evaluated. Four econometric models containing logistic, log-logistic, normal and log-normal are applied through questionnaire data. The results showed that: (1) The Yimenghu National Water Park is of high use values and non-use values.(2) The evaluated results of log-logistic and log-normal econometric models are more reliable in the double-bound dichotomous CVM technique. (3) The respondents are willing to participate in protection in the form of donations to non-profit organizations. The assessment achievements are helpful for the cost-benefit analysis of the protection and sustainable management policies of water parks.

Keywords: national water park; use value; non-use value; contingent valuation method; Yimenghu

ApproachesandmeasurestoreduceoperationcostsofEasternRoutePhaseIProjectofSouth-to-NorthWaterDiversion

LI Zhen1, WU Zhaodan2,GUO Weijian2, ZHAO Min2,3, ZHANG Jie3, MA Jun3

(1.China Eastern Route Corporation of South-To-North Water Diversion, Beijing 100029, China; 2.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 3.Coastal Development and Protection Coordination Innovation Center, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: The constitutive elements of the operation costof the Eastern Route Phase I Project of South-to-North Water Diversion are investigated. The constraint factors for reducing the operation costs are analyzed from four aspects of system mechanism, operation management, cost control and risk management. Additionally, the approaches and measures to reduce the operation costs are expounded considering the actual situations so as to give its full play of the Eastern Route Phase I Project of South-to-North Diversion and to ensure its smooth operation.

Keywords: South-to-North Diversion; Eastern Route Project; operating cost; approach and measure

InvestigationandanalysisoninfluencingfactorsofpublicparticipationwillingnessinGuyuanspongecityconstructionproject

WANG Yang1, CAI Jianhong1, HUANG Miansong2

(1.School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; 2.Ningxia Capital Sponge City Construction & Development Co., Ltd., Guyuan 756000, China)

Abstract: In order to improve the willingness of the public to participate in sponge city construction projects, based on the stakeholder theory,the potential factors influencing the public’s willingness to participate in sponge city construction projectsare proposed from four aspects: participation motivation, expectation, hindering factors and personal characteristics. Based on the case of Guyuan City in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the second batch of pilot sponge cities in China, 687 pieces of effective questionnaire data are obtained through field investigation, and the Logistic regression method is used to conduct an empirical study on the influencing factors of public participation willingness in the construction of sponge cities. The results show that public participation channels and platforms, information transparency, individual perception of potential benefits, creation of employment opportunities, improvement of water environment and promotion of water resource use are the key influencing factors for public participation in sponge cities.

Keywords: sponge city; public participation; willingness to participate; Logistic regression; Guyuan city

Insuranceofwaterconservancyandhydro-powerprojectsbasedonstakeholdertheory

YU Hongliang1,2, Huang Jinyan1

(1.School of Management, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; 2.Research Center of Hubei Small and Medium Enterprise,Wuhan 430065, China)

Abstract: Bycollecting the bidding data of 106 water conservancy and hydro-power insurance service projects, the behavior characteristics of the insurers, applicants and insurance brokers are analyzed based on the stakeholder theory. The methods for calculating the insurance rates for water conservancy and hydro-power projectsas well as the characteristics of bidding rates are investigated.Finally, the relevant policy suggestionsare put forward for the sustainable and healthy development of the insurance industryof water conservancy and hydro-power projects.

Keywords: engineering insurance; water conservancy and hydro-power project; stakeholder theory; bidding data

Evaluationmodelandapplicationofland-seacoordinationsystemforports

ZHANG Jingang1, MA Dongmei2

(1.Shandong Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute, Jinan 250031, China; 2.Lianyungang Xuwei New District Management Committee, Lianyungang 222002, China)

Abstract: Ports, as the connecting point of land and water transport, play an important role in the transportation network. In recent years, the contradiction of resource utilization between the ports and the rear land has become more and more serious, so it is very urgent and necessary to implement the strategy of land and sea coordination. An evaluation index system and the corresponding model are established for the coordinated development of land-sea coordination system for ports from the perspective of quantitative research. The case study of Weifang Port is empirically analyzed. Some countermeasures and suggestions for the coordinated development of land-sea coordination system for Weifang Port are put forward.

Keywords: land and sea coordination; coordinated development; coordination model; Weifang Port

DrivingeffectofdecouplingbetweeneconomicgrowthandwaterconsumptioninYangtzeRivereconomicbelt—Comparativeanalysisbasedon“EleventhFive-YearPlan”and“TwelfthFive-YearPlan”periods

ZHANG Hengquan1, CHEN Chun1, ZHANG Chenjun2

(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.School of Business Administration, Hohai University, Changzhou 213022, China)

Abstract: Using the panel data of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” and “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” periods, the LMDI-Tapio two-stage method is used to analyze changes in the decoupling state between economic growth and water consumption in various provinces and cities in the Yangtze River economic belt, and the driving factors of the decoupling stateare studied by decomposing the decoupling indexes. A comparison between the two periods indicates: (1) The economic growth of the Yangtze River economic belt is in a weak decoupling state during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, and a strong decoupling state during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period. (2) The Yangtze River delta and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River are changed from the weak decoupling to strong decoupling state, and the economic zone in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River has been in a weak decoupling state. (3) The intensity factor promotes decoupling and enhances the effect, and the income factor inhibits decoupling and the effect is weakened. The structural factor promotes the decoupling effect to be relatively stable, and the population factor changes with time and space. Accordingly, some policy proposals are proposed: to promote industrial restructuring and adhere to policy water conservation, to guide the rational flow of population resources and resources across regions, and to focus on the decoupling contribution rate of water intensity and economic income factor.

Keywords: Yangtze River economic belt; economic growth; water consumption; LMDI; decoupling driver

Investmentmechanismforruralwaterenvironmentgovernancebasedondual-targetsettingofpeople’slivelihoodandenvironmentalprotection

WANG Yining

(Development and Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources of P.R. China, Beijing 100038, China)

Abstract: The current situation and existing problems of investment and financing mechanism for rural water environment governance are analyzed. Based on the investment theories of rural public infrastructure and the environmental protection, considering the characteristics of “dual-target setting” of rural water environment protection investment, the investment and financing mechanism framework of rural water environment protection is established, and the respective investment responsibilities and investment modes of the government, enterprises, village collectives and villagers are defined. Some policy suggestions are put forward for improving the investment and financing mechanism of rural water environmental protection from the following aspects: clarifying the governing power and its expenditure responsibility, improving the social capitals’ participation, innovating the construction and operation mechanism of rural water environment projects, improving the relevant preferential policies and incentive mechanisms, and increasing the financial support.

Keywords: water environment; sewage treatment; investment and financing for environmental protection;rural revitalization; rural area

EvaluationandanalysisofwaterecologicaleffectincoastalreclamationareainJiangsuProvincebasedonAHP-entropyweightmethod

CHEN Jianming1,2, CHENG Xiying1, LI Meifeng1,2

(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Institute of Water Conservancy Economics, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: The evaluation of water ecological effect can provide scientific decision-making basis for the rational development of coastal reclamation areas. By analyzing the influencing factors of water ecological effect, the comprehensive evaluation system and model for the water ecological effect including social economic subsystem and water ecological subsystem are investigated and established. The analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method are used to synthesize weights from subjective and objective perspectives. Dongtai City, Sheyang County and DafengDistrict in the coastal reclamation area are taken as typical examples to conduct empirical analysis ofevaluation of water ecological effect, and the evaluated results of water ecological effect are analyzed. Some suggestions are put forward as follows: full play of the advantages of natural resources and water ecological environment, optimization of the industrial layout, and improvement of the water ecological effect.

Keywords: coastal reclamation area; water ecology; effect evaluation; AHP; entropy weight method

ImpactofurbanizationlevelonindustrialwastewaterdischargebasedonimprovedSTIRPATmodel—CasestudyofYangtzeRivereconomicbelt

YIN Qingmin, ZHU Kangning

(BusinessSchool, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China)

Abstract: The STIRPAT model between urbanization and industrial wastewater discharge is established to analyze the specific impact of urbanization level on industrial wastewater discharge in the Yangtze River economic belt. The results show that there is an inverted N-type relationship between the overall urbanization level and the industrial wastewater discharge in the Yangtze River delta economic zone and the Yangtze River economic belt.There is an “inverted U-shaped” curve relationship between the urbanization level and the industrial wastewater discharge in the upper and middle reaches of Yangtze River economic zones. The influences of economic development level and population size on the industrial wastewater discharge are different in different regions. The technological level and industrial structure in the Yangtze River economic belt have a significant positive influence on the discharge of industrial wastewater. Therefore, for promoting the construction of new urbanization, we should take such measures as policy support, transformation of economic development mode, enhancement of public awareness of environmental protection, adjustment of industrial structure and acceleration of technological innovation so as to reduce the discharge of industrial wastewater.

Keywords: Yangtze River economic belt; urbanization; industrial waste water discharge; STIRPAT model

MechanismofwatersupplypriceofPPPwaterconservancyprojects

YUAN Ruhua1,2, GUO Runa1,2

(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Institute of Water Conservancy Economics, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: The increasingly prominent imbalance between supply and demand of water resources has become an important constraint to the sustainable development of China’s economy and society. The leverage of water price is an important means to regulate the interests of the government, water supply operators and water users. Scientific formulation of water price is beneficial to encourage the social capital to participate in the construction of water conservancy infrastructure, to promote the optimal allocation of water resources and to save water, and to ensure the water demand of water users. Under the premise of VFM, the water price accounting of water conservancy projects under PPP mode must fully consider the willingness and affordability of water users as well as the cost compensation and reasonable income of water supply operators so as to investigate the mechanism of water supply priceof PPP water conservancy projects in China. At present, the mechanism of the water supply priceof the PPP mode in China has been innovative, but the dynamic adjustment mechanism is still insufficient; the price hearing system hasbeen continuously improved, but the public participation level needs to be strengthened.

Keywords: water conservancy project; water price; PPP project; value for money; price mechanism

Preliminarydiscussiononbasinrightsofinternationalrivers

WANG Zhijian1, QI Liukai2, GUO Lidan2

(1.School of Law, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: “Equitable and reasonable utilization” and “no significant harm” have become the two most important fundamental principles of the international river law. What is the relationship between the two principles? How to implement it? These problems have become the new factors of conflicts in practice. The concept of “Basin rights” is proposed, which include environmental rights of water (quantified as the ecological water demand); historical rights of water (the basin population’s rights to sustain life and produce food for themselves), and development rights of water (the amount of water available for development of basin countries). The calculation and analysis of the basin rights of 276 international rivers around the world show that the approach of basin rights can provide the most basic platform for the starting point of cooperation among most countries in the basin.

Keywords: international river law; basin right; international water right; allocation model

Methodsandapplicationofinternationalriverwaterrights—CasestudyofTigris-Euphratesriverbasin

ZHU Qiang1, CAO Zheng2

(1.Institute of International Law, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.School of Law, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: The allocation of international river water rights has become one of the important factors that affect the relationship among the basin countries. Based on the basic principles of international water law, the corresponding formulas for calculating the allocation of international river water rights are formulated according to different distribution criteria, and they are applied to the case study of Tigris-Euphrates basin. The specific data of various items are analyzed, and their allocation efficiencies are calculated. It is found that the allocation formulas taking into account ecological water use, population water quantity and water production contribution are more rational and operational, and they are easily accepted by the basin countries and can reduce and avoid water conflicts between the basin countries.

Keywords: international river; principle of international water law; water right allocation; Tigris-Euphrates

Riskassessmentofmulti-interestconflictofsuper-giantwaterprojects

HUANG Dechun1,2,3, ZHANG Rui1,3, HE Zhengqi1,2,3

(1.Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; 2.Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of World Water Valley and Water Ecological Civilization, Nanjing 211100, China; 3.Institute of Industrial Economics, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China)

Abstract: Considering the complex relationship in multi-interest conflicts, a risk assessment model for pressure-state-response multi-interest conflicts is established from the subjects of government, immigrants, media and project entity based on thePSRmodel. Through the case study of Xichuan County, the conflict risks of the stakeholders during construction of South-to-North Water Diversion Project are investigated. The results show that the multi-interest conflict index of Xichuan County from 2008 to 2017 is in a decreasing trend, and the conflict risk level witnesses the “Large to small” process, but there is still potential sharply increasing risk. The empirical analysis indicates that the interest-sharing mechanism, immigrants’ education level, social security rate and public opinion crisis have great impact on the multi-interest conflict risks. The research achievement may be helpful for risk assessment and prevention of other similar super-giant water projects.

Keywords: super-giant water project; multi-interest conflict; risk assessment;PSRmodel; Xichuan County