陳劍鋒 呂同輝

摘要: 文中介紹了焊接現代制造企業使用焊接分包服務的重要意義和所面臨的問題。同時介紹了基于ISO 3834(金屬熔化焊的質量要求)系列標準原則(即焊接產品的質量穩定是建立在焊接過程的控制基礎之上的)的焊接分包商質量管理辦法。從如何選擇焊接分包商開始,到如何指導、管理和控制焊接分包商,都要圍繞著ISO 3834系列標準提出的22個質量要素。這些要素不僅僅是傳統焊接管理意義上焊接工藝評定、焊接工藝規程和焊工資格考試,還包括材料的管理、設備儀器的管理、不符合項的管理和質量文件的管理等。只有對以上要素全都進行了控制,才能保證焊接分包商的焊接產品質量的穩定、進而也滿足自身的質量要求,最終做到保證焊接產品質量基礎上的成本的最優化。
關鍵詞: 焊接分包商; 質量控制; 成本; 審核
中圖分類號: TG 47
Abstract: This paper introduces the significance and problems of using welding subcontract service in modern welding manufacturing enterprises.At the same time, the quality management method of welding subcontractors based on ISO 3834 (quality requirements for metal fusion welding) series standard principles (that is, the quality stability of welding products is based on the control of welding process) is introduced.Starting from how to select welding subcontractors, to how to guide, manage and control welding subcontractors, are around the ISO 3834 series of standards proposed by the 22 quality elements.These elements are not only the traditional welding management in the sense of welding process assessment, welding procedure and welder qualification examination, but also include the management of materials, equipment and instruments, the management of nonconformance items and the management of quality documents.Only by controlling all the above factors, can the welding subcontractors welding product quality be stable, and then meet their own quality requirements, and finally achieve the optimization of the cost on the basis of ensuring the welding product quality.
Key words: welding subcontractor; quality control; cost; audit
0 前言
隨著產業分工越來越細,不僅是跨國企業,也包括越來越多國內的企業都會選擇使用分包商為其服務。當然,使用分包商的驅動因素還包括:降低供應鏈成本、降低內部生產風險、提高生產靈活性、內部缺乏制造能力以及合同的需要[1]。
基于以上原因,制造商經常會將焊接部件部分或全部交給分包商完成。然而,我們應該認識到分包商的產品質量即制造商的產品質量,分包商的產品質量出了問題,也就是制造商的產品質量出了問題。所以對于分包商的管理和控制就顯得尤其重要。ISO 3834(金屬材料熔化焊的質量要求)系列標準中,影響焊接產品的質量22個要素中就包括對焊接分包商的管控[2-4]。……