周學忠 王銳 李寒

摘要 [目的] 研究鎘脅迫對6個品種蓮根系形態的影響。[方法] 采用水培試驗,設置3個處理CK(0 mg/kg Cd)、T1(1 mg/kg Cd)、T2(5 mg/kg Cd),測定總根長、根表面積、根體積以及不同直徑根長分布情況。[結果] 6個蓮品種根系對鎘的響應具有差異,粉色花和黃色花對鎘脅迫比較敏感,總根長、根表面積和根體積都隨鎘脅迫產生較大的變化;而白色花品種對鎘具有較強的耐性,其總根長、根表面積和根體積及不同直徑根的分布情況受鎘的影響均較小。[結論]6個蓮品種對鎘的耐性存在較大差異。
關鍵詞 鎘;蓮;根系形態
中圖分類號 X173文獻標識碼 A
文章編號 0517-6611(2019)19-0078-03doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.19.023
Abstract [Objective]To study the root morphological responses of six lotus cultivars to cadmium exposure. [Method]A hydroponic experiment was conducted and three treatments CK(0 mg/kg Cd), T1(1 mg/kg Cd), T2(5 mg/kg Cd)were used in this study. The total root length, root surface area, root volume and root architecture were measured. [Result]There had differences in root morphology among six cultivars after cadmium treatment. Cultivars those have pink flower and yellow flower were sensitive to cadmium exposure, their total root length, root surface area and root volume changed a lot after cadmium exposure. While cultivars that have white flower were tolerance to cadmium exposure, and its total root length, root surface area, root volume and root architecture had little change after cadmium exposure. [Conclusion]There were obvious difference of tolerance to cadmium among six lotus cultivars.
Key words Cadmium;Lotus;Root morphology
鎘(Cd)是一種非必需、有毒的重金屬,在哺乳動物體內具有較長的半衰期。廣泛的鎘污染已增加了鎘在人體內的積累風險[1-2]。降低作物可食部位的鎘可以降低人體對鎘的吸收。作為植物與環境物質交換的主要界面,根系在金屬的吸收和轉移過程中起重要作用,并對變化的環境表現出高度適應性[3]。研究表明,與對照相比,鎘處理后的擬南芥主根長度變短,而側根直徑是對照的2倍[4]。也有研究表明,具有更多細根的花生品種具有更強的積累鎘的能力[5]。硬質小麥品種Acrola有更大的根表面積和更多的根尖,積累鎘的能力也更強[6]。與非超富集生態型相比,東南景天鎘超富集生態型在鎘脅迫下能保持更細、分布廣泛的根系[7]。因此,根形態可能在品種間不同鎘吸收能力中起重要作用。
蓮是一種水生生物,其地下莖和種子均可食用。筆者以6個蓮品種作為研究對象進行水培試驗,研究鎘處理對不同蓮品種根系形態的影響。……