李璐 賈維平 陳萌萌



摘要 選擇2006—2017年甘肅省武威市水庫和地表水的TN、TP濃度進行研究,結果顯示,2006—2017年5個水庫及斷面TN變化呈先下降后上升趨勢,TN平均濃度為1.726 mg/L,變化幅度為0.360~5.063 mg/L,總磷呈平穩下降趨勢,TP平均濃度為0.151 mg/L,變化幅度為0.110~0.453 mg/L;5個水庫及斷面濃度季節差異與干旱濕季的變化一致,地表水TN、TP濃度與降雨量的相關性較低;5個水庫及斷面12年空間差異明顯,富營養化嚴重,其中石羊河扎子溝斷面TN、TP均常年超標,是該區域環境監管的重點。
關鍵詞 水庫水質;地表水;總氮總磷;河西走廊東段
中圖分類號 X524文獻標識碼 A
文章編號 0517-6611(2019)19-0073-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.19.022
Abstract TN and TP content of reservoirs and surface water in Wuwei City of Gansu Province were studied. The results show that?? TN? concentration? of the five reservoirs and sections decreased first and then increased during? 2006-2017, and the average concentration of TN was 1726 mg/L, the amplitude was 0.360-5.063 mg/L, the total phosphorus was a steady downward trend, the average concentration of TP was 0.151 mg/L, the amplitude was 0.110-0.453 mg/L;the seasonal differences of concentrations in 5 reservoirs and sections were consistent with the changes in dry and wet seasons, and the correlation between TN and TP concentrations of surface water and rainfall was relatively low. The spatial difference of the five reservoirs and sections in 12 years was obvious, and eutrophication was serious. Among them,? TN and TP content in the Zazigou section of Shiyang river exceed the standard all year round, which was the key point of environmental supervision in this region.
Key words Reservoir water quality;Surface water;Total nitrogen total phosphorus;East section of Hexi corridor
隨著人口數量不斷增長,工農業的快速發展,對江河湖海的污染日益嚴峻[1-5],生活污水、農田廢水、農藥化肥淋失、城鎮地表徑流、礦區和建筑區地表徑流等隨河流和雨水進入水體后造成富營養化,導致地表水和水庫氮磷的超標[6-7]。水循環系統的健康被破壞,加重了水資源的短缺,嚴重影響了當地經濟、社會發展和人們正常的生產生活。生態環境惡化帶來的一系列問題已經引起了我國政府和學者的高度關注[8-9],但在西部中小城市尤其欠發達城鎮的面源污染動態及來源的研究并未引起足夠的重視[10-12]。筆者通過分析2006—2017年武威市面源污染動態規律[13],總結了該地區總氮總磷負荷的時空變化,對實現武威的鄉村振興計劃和進一步提升水庫水資源的保護以及下階段加強工程、法律、經濟和管理政策等綜合監管手段提供理論依據。
1 材料與方法
1.1 研究……