黃傅強 許德莉 齊增湘



摘要 為了明確城市中心城區土地利用變化對區域內生態系統服務價值的影響。以衡陽市中心城區為研究區域,結合RS和GIS分析2000—2010年土地利用變化特征,在此基礎上采用單位面積價值當量因子對中心城區的生態系統服務價值(ESV)變化進行測算,并運用馬爾科夫模型預測了在歷史趨勢發展情景下2030年衡陽市中心城區土地利用及生態系統服務價值變化情況。結果表明:①衡陽市中心城區土地利用以耕地、林地、水域和建設用地為主,2000—2010年耕地、林地、草地和未利用地面積呈下降趨勢,建設用地和水域面積呈增加趨勢;各土地利用類型在數量和空間上轉換顯著。②研究期內生態系統服務價值呈下降趨勢,2000—2010年衡陽市中心城區生態系統服務價值由24.59億元下降到23.65億元,水域和林地為對中心城區生態系統服務價值貢獻最大的地類。③根據馬爾科夫模型的預測結果,2030年衡陽市中心城區耕地和林地會大幅減少,建設用地會大幅增加。衡陽市中心城區除水域生態服務價值呈上升趨勢外,其他用地生態價值均呈下降趨勢,總的生態系統服務價值也將繼續呈下降態勢。在新型的城鎮化擴張中,需要慎重權衡城市發展與生態保護的關系。
關鍵詞 土地利用;城市中心城區;生態系統服務價值;馬爾科夫模型;衡陽市
中圖分類號 S181.6文獻標識碼 A
文章編號 0517-6611(2019)19-0043-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.19.015
Abstract In order to clarify the impact of land use change in urban central areas on the value of ecological services.Taking the central areas of Hengyang city as the research area, combining RS and GIS to analyze the characteristics of land use change from 2000 to 2010, using the value equivalent factor method to measure the changes of ecosystem service value (ESV),then using the Markov model to predict the ecological service values of various land types in the central areas of Hengyang City under the historical trend development scenario.The results showed that:First,the land use in the urban central areas of Hengyang City is dominated by cultivated land, forest land, water area and construction land.The area of cultivated land, forest land, grassland and unused land is reducing, however the area of construction land and water area is increasing.The type of land use has changed significantly in quantity and space from 2000 to 2010.Second,the value of ecological services showed a downward trend during the study period.From 2000 to 2010,the value of ecological services dropped from 24.59×108 yuan to 23.65×108 yuan.The value of ecological services in waters and forests play important roles in the total ecological service value of the urban central area.Third,the results of Markov model suggested that the cultivated land and forest land will be greatly reduced.The ecological value of water resources will increase,however the ecological value of other land uses will decrease, the value of total ecosystem services will still continue to decline in 2030.We need to carefully weigh the relationship between urban development and ecological protection in the future.
Key words Land use;Urban central areas;Ecosystem service value (ESV);Markov model;Hengyang City
生態系統服務是在生態系統和生態過程中所形成的人類賴以生存和發展的自……