優(yōu)質(zhì)荔枝新品種‘嶺豐糯’生產(chǎn)性試驗(yàn)

程彥玲 張樹飛 周慶祥

摘要 [目的]研究優(yōu)質(zhì)荔枝新品種‘嶺豐糯在深圳南山地區(qū)引種并推廣種植的可行性及前景。[方法]采用定植‘懷枝圈枝苗，1年后以高接換種的方法進(jìn)行引種，同時(shí)嫁接對(duì)照品種‘糯米糍，高接后觀測(cè)記載物候期、成花掛果、產(chǎn)量等表現(xiàn)，對(duì)果實(shí)性狀、果實(shí)品質(zhì)等進(jìn)行采樣測(cè)定和對(duì)比。[結(jié)果]2014年4月上旬引入深圳市南山區(qū)深圳市麒麟山療養(yǎng)院果園開展生產(chǎn)性試驗(yàn)。引種5年表現(xiàn)：適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)貧夂驐l件，與‘懷枝砧木完全親和，高接后第3年開花掛果，對(duì)照品種‘糯米糍高接后第4年開始掛果;成熟期在6月20日至7月10日，較當(dāng)?shù)亍疵佐偻?～10 d，留樹期長5 d;2016—2018年平均單株產(chǎn)量3.25、4.38、13.75 kg，豐產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)特性明顯;成熟期果皮鮮紅色，果實(shí)呈心形，平均果形指數(shù)0.99，焦核率93.33%，平均單果重22.07 g，可食率78.89%，可溶性固形物含量18.4%， Vc含量367.2 mg/kg，可滴定酸含量0.07%。[結(jié)論]果實(shí)外觀、豐產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)特性、早結(jié)特性優(yōu)于當(dāng)?shù)亍疵佐伲焚|(zhì)與當(dāng)?shù)亍疵佐傧嘟袌?chǎng)前景好，適宜作為優(yōu)質(zhì)晚熟荔枝品種在深圳南山地區(qū)推廣種植。

關(guān)鍵詞 ‘嶺豐糯;荔枝;生產(chǎn)性試驗(yàn)

中圖分類號(hào) S667.1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A

文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2019）19-0040-03doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.19.014

Abstract [Objective]To study? feasibility and prospect of a good quality litchi cultivar ‘Lingfengnuo introducing and promoting in Nanshan district， Shenzhen.[Method]The circular branch seedlings of huai twig were transplanted， and the seedlings were introduced by high grafting after 1 year.At the same time， the "glutinous rice paste" of the control variety was grafted， and the phenological period， flowering fruit and yield were recorded after high grafting， and the fruit characters and quality were sampled， measured and compared.[Result]It was introduced into the orchard of Qilin Mountain Sanatorium in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City in early April 2014 to carry out production test. The results showed that it could adapt to local climatic conditions very well. The rootstockscion combination of ‘Lingfengnuo and ‘Huaizhi was fully compatible. The grafted plants of ‘Lingfengnuo were begin to blossom and bear fruit in the third year after grafting. The harvest stage of ‘Lingfengnuo introduced to Nanshan district，Shenzhen was from June 20 to July 10， witch was later 7-10 days than ‘Nuomici. And the picking period was also 5 days longer than ‘Nuomici ; From 2016 to 2018， the average yield per plant was 3.25，4.38 and 13.75 kg， with obvious characteristics of high and stable yield; The fruits pericarp of ‘Lingfengnuo was bright red， the fruit was heartshaped， the average fruit shape index was 0.99， the aborted seed rate was 93.33%， the average fruit weight was 22.07 g， the edible rate was 78.89%， and the soluble solids content was 18.4%， the Vc content was 367.2 mg/kg，and the titratable acid content was 0.07%. [Conclusion]The fruits characters and qualities was similar to or better than ‘Nuomici， so maybe it has a good market prospect. It can be a suitable， highquality and lateripening litchi variety which will widely planted in Nanshan District of Shenzhen.

Key words ‘Lingfengnuo;Litchi;Productivity test

‘嶺豐糯荔枝是由東莞市大嶺山鎮(zhèn)一株約50年的實(shí)生樹篩選而來[1]，2006年起，由東莞農(nóng)科中心與華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)合作進(jìn)行品種評(píng)價(jià)和鑒定，2010年1月通過廣東省農(nóng)作物品種審定委員會(huì)審定并定名，2019年1月，通過全國熱帶作物品種審定委員會(huì)審定（熱品審：2018004）[2]。‘嶺豐糯果實(shí)酷似‘糯米糍，果皮鮮紅色，果形呈心形或歪心形，果肉厚，焦核率高，風(fēng)味甜爽、少酸，口感爽脆，可食率高;生產(chǎn)上具有早結(jié)、豐產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)、抗裂、耐貯運(yùn)等優(yōu)良特性，與‘糯米糍‘懷枝‘鵝蛋荔‘白糖罌的嫁接親和性好，適合在廣東省、廣西省等荔枝栽培地區(qū)推廣種植[3-5]。……