烤煙品種CF8704和云煙110在石柱煙區的適應性分析

徐航 徐小洪 劉忠

摘要 [目的]為了探討CF8704和云煙110在石柱煙區的適應性，分析其推廣價值。[方法]采用隨機區組設計，以云煙87為對照，從生育期、植物學性狀、田間病害發生情況，產量和經濟性狀等方面開展了小區品種的比較試驗。[結果]CF8704早生快發優勢明顯，長勢強，農藝性狀、產量和經濟性狀上表現突出，同時黑脛病發病率高;云煙110葉片數較多，但葉長葉寬偏短，在高海拔地區生育期較長，導致上部葉難以采烤、產量經濟性狀偏低。[結論]cf8704在石柱的適應性較好，整體性狀優于云煙87和云煙110，建議推廣。

關鍵詞 烤煙;品種;石柱煙區;適應性

中圖分類號 S572文獻標識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2019）19-0030-03doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.19.010

Abstract [Objective] To investigate the adaptability of CF8704 and Yunyan 110 in Shizhu tobacco area， and to analyze the promotion value. [Method]With Yunyan 87 as the control， randomized block design was adopted to carry out comparative test on growth period， botanical traits， field disease occurrence， yield and economic traits. [Result] CF8704 had obvious advantages in early faststarting， strong growth， agronomic traits， yield and economic traits， and high incidence of black smut; Yunyan 110 had more leaves， but leaves were shorter and wider at high altitude. The longer growth period in the region led to the difficulty in picking the upper leaves and the low economic yield. [Conclusion] cf8704 has better adaptability to Shizhu County， and the overall trait is better than Yunyan 87 and Yunyan 110.

Key words Fluecured tobacco;Variety;Shizhu tobacco area;Adaptability

烤煙產量和質量與烤煙品種（系）有直接的關系，優良品種是提高煙葉質量和產量的內因[1-2]。在特定的生態條件下，篩選優良烤煙品種是提高煙葉質量、滿足工業企業需求的重要措施[3-6]。優良品種一般都有區域性和穩定性限制，因此要根據當地的自然條件、耕作制度、栽培方式等具體情況選擇，篩選出滿足工業需求、彰顯當地特色的優質煙葉[6-8]。針對重慶石柱縣主栽品種單一 、優良品種匱乏的現狀，筆者引入CF8704和云煙110品種（系）開展示范試驗，通過烤煙新品種（系）的適應性比較，篩選適合重慶市石柱縣氣候特點和工業需求的優良品種（系），優化煙葉品種布局，推動石柱煙葉的健康和持續發展。

1 材料與方法

1.1 試驗地概況

試驗在重慶市石柱縣冷水鎮進行，海拔1 200 m，于試驗開始前在田間取土樣（五點取樣法）送至重慶市煙科所檢測，檢測數據如下：pH 5.6，有機質31 g/kg，堿解氮145.0 mg/kg，有效磷82.8 mg/kg，速效鉀477.0 mg/kg。……