王軍 李亞芳 耿安紅



摘要 [目的]為大面積生產提供技術指導。[方法]研究了江蘇沿海地區粵優938母本不同機插密度對制種產量的影響。[結果]隨著機插密度的減小,播始歷期、抽穗歷期與盛穗歷期呈不斷延長的趨勢,而有效穗、成穗率、總穎花數呈上升的趨勢。[結論]江蘇沿海地區粵優938母本機插應采用30? cm×12 cm的栽插密度,父母本播差期較人工栽插延長4 d左右,每穴栽插3~4苗,以6行母本配1行父本栽插方式較好。
關鍵詞 粵優938;機插秧;栽插密度;制種技術;穗粒結構
中圖分類號 S511.2+1文獻標識碼 A
文章編號 0517-6611(2019)19-0021-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.19.007
開放科學(資源服務)標識碼(OSID):
Abstract [Objective]To provide technical guidance for the large scale production. [Method]We researched the effects of different mechanical transplanting densities of female parent Yueyou 938 on hybrid seed production yield in Jiangsu coastal area. [Result]With the decrease of planting density, the sowing beginning period, heading period and blooming period showed a trend of continuous extension, while the effective spike, panicle bearing tiller rate and total spikelet number trended to increase. [Conclusion]The transplanting density 30 cm×12cm with 3-4 seedlings in each hole of female parent Yueyou 938 would be better in Jiangsu coastal area. The sowing period of both parents was about 4 d longer than that of artificial transplanting, and the transplanting pattern should be six lines of female parent with 1 line of male parent.
Key words Yueyou 938;Mechanical transplanting;Transplanting density;Hybrid seed production technology;Grain structure
粵優938是江蘇省農業科學院于1993年配組而成的三系優質雜交秈稻組合,先后通過多省(市)品種審定,該品種具有高產、優質、抗逆性強的特點,育種成功20多年但目前仍然在我國南方稻區有一定種植面積[1-2],近年來隨著國家“一帶一路”政策的推進與農業走出去戰略的逐步實施,粵優938雜交稻種也走出國門,該品種因其產量高、耐瘠薄能力強、適應區域廣和較好的品質,深受東南亞國家廣大稻米種植者的喜愛[3],因此粵優938雜交稻種需求強勁。但這些國家經濟普遍較差,對雜交水稻種價格承受能力弱,使得我國出口的雜交稻種價格偏低,而國內水稻制種成本又呈不斷上漲趨勢,導致國內稻種出口處于微利狀態,因而推廣水稻機械化雜交制種技術降低生產成本已成為擺脫當前生產困局的主要技術手段,而雜交水稻機械化制種技術中母本機插秧技術應用尤為重要[4-8]。……