中山路歷史建筑修繕再生設計，海口，中國

建筑設計：常青

1 修復后中山路節日照片/Festival photo of Zhongshan Road after renovation

2 修復后中山路街景/Street view of Zhongshan Road after renovation

海口“新外灘”位于南洋風騎樓老街區的北端，是由街區內側的得勝沙、新華北路、中山路、水巷口路段和街區外側的長堤路圍合成的帶狀地段，西起瓊州海關大樓，東至水巷口所在地塊，全長逾600m。長堤路北臨海甸溪，昔日的沿街建筑曾是海口的濱水歷史界面，類似于上海的外灘。

海口的騎樓老街區在沉寂了多年后，于21 世紀的第二個10 年重新成為了城市發展的一個熱點。常青25 年前曾率同濟實習生來此測繪騎樓建筑，7 年前被聘請主持騎樓街區保護與再生設計工作。如今5 條街中的兩條已經竣工開街，其余也在進行中。這一街區亦屬一種典型的城市修補工程。修復前，街區內雖基本完整，但年久失修，趨于衰落。街區外緣面對海甸溪，在瀕臨城市干道長堤路及海甸的一側，大部分建筑經過多年來斷續的低質化改造，整體破敗，魚龍混雜，但仍保留著少量的騎樓建筑。

SP型衰減年夏季,歐亞地區中高緯環流表現為“西低東高”的環流形勢,在低緯度地區,副高偏強偏北,夏季風偏強,黃河以南地區為負距平(圖7b)。南海到西北太平洋反氣旋式的水汽通量距平環流加強了,受副高偏強偏北和東亞夏季風總體偏強的影響,來自低緯地區的暖濕水汽向我國腹地輸送,西北、華北存在水汽輻合(圖7d),冷暖氣流在西北、華北交匯,使得該區域降水偏多,而長江以南降水明顯偏少,夏季降水總體呈現“北多南少”的分布型。

從歷史和現狀出發，我們對街區內的中山路、博愛路、新華路等做了街廓修復和街景整飭設計，通過大量取樣分析，恢復了騎樓巴洛克街廓立面一樓一色的歷史風貌；對騎樓外灘-長堤路的低質建筑做了拆除重建處理，凡是老騎樓都保留下來，補上去的建筑不做仿古騎樓，而是設計新騎樓，以新襯舊，與古為新。這也是通過原型分析，對下部騎廊、上部山花風洞等遺產構成要素均有原型意象的類似性再現。□

2011-2015年，臺灣對大陸農耕產品貿易總值中所占份額較大的產品主要有谷類及其制品、水果、堅果及其制品、砂糖及其制品、茶葉及其制品、酒類、植物油和其他農耕產品；大部分農耕產品的出口值逐年增加，尤其是谷類及其制品、水果、堅果及其制品和其他農耕產品(見圖1)。

3 修復建筑總平面/Site plan of revitalised buildings

4 修復前中山路街景/Street view of Zhongshan Road before renovation

胃蛋白酶，肝臟和腸道胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶以及肝臟轉氨酶活性均采用南京建成生物工程研究所研發的試劑盒進行測定，具體方法參照試劑盒說明書。

Zhongshan Road in Haikou is one of the largest and best preserved arcade streets in China.

The major purposes of the conservation and revitalisation design are to protect the precious historical and cultural heritage, improve the life quality of residents, promote local tourism development and stimulate the inherent vitality of the old city. The key design strategies are as follows:

(1) The local climate was fully respected. Arcade, concave gallery and other cool space were introduced; the inner court was formed, natural ventilation was induced, and the environment inside the building was improved to help improve the comfort of space and continuing the local urban fabric.

(2) The existing urban fabric of the arcaded street is carefully preserved, in terms of its block size, spatial layout and architectural form.

(3) Typical space types of traditional arcade buildings were extracted and abstractly used. The new building at the interface along the street continued the traditional arcade space and was consistent with the traditional arcade on the scale. While inside the block, a small-scale courtyard was inserted, helping improve the physical environment of the building in the continuation of the space type.

(4) Continuation of street block scale. In the design of new buildings along Changdi Road, cornice height, street front rhythms and city skyline become key considerations. We hope that the new building could be integrated in the historical urban fabric and form a diversified, multilevel urban interfaces. For the new buildings in the historic district, we insist on the continuation of the urban fabric, space type and building prototypes and adhere to the idea of "complementing the new by new ways", and "separating the new and old" rather than simply copy and collage historic elements on the fa?ade.□

5 修復后中山路街景/Street view of Zhongshan Road after renovation

6 修復后大亞酒店/Daya Hotel after renovation

7.8 大亞酒店內部效果圖/Interior rendering of Daya Hotel

9 長提路立面夜景示意/Image of night view of Changdi Road fa?ade