Explorationandanalysisofprofessionaldevelopmentofpre—serviceartteachers

朱寶

琛

Preserviceteachereducationisthestartingpointofteacherprofessionaldevelopmentandtheinitialstageofteacherprofessionalknowledgeandskillsdevelopment.Highernormaleducationisthemainformofpre-serviceteachereducation，whichundertakestheimportanttaskoftrainingteachersforbasiceducation.Atpresent，Chinasbasiceducationcurriculumreformisdeepening，curriculumreformhasputforwardhigherrequirementsforteachers.Hownewteachersadapttotheneedsofcurriculumreformandhowtoteachpre-serviceteachersisthestartingpointofteachersprofessionaldevelopmentandtheinitialstageofteachersprofessionalknowledgeandskillsdevelopment.Highernormaleducationisthemainformofpre-serviceteachereducation，whichundertakestheimportanttaskoftrainingteachersforbasiceducation.Atpresent，Chinasbasiceducationcurriculumreformisdeepening，curriculumreformforteacherstoachieveprofessionaldevelopmentincurriculumreform，hasbecomeoneoftheimportanttopicsofcurrentteachereducationresearch.Throughobservingtheteachingsituationofnewteachersofartteachermajoraftergraduation，thisstudyaimstounderstandhowtheyunderstandandapplythetheoreticalknowledgelearnedinnormaleducationstageindailyteachingtoachievetheirprofessionaldevelopment.Teachereducationisageneraltermforpre-serviceeducation，in-serviceeducationandcontinuingeducationofteachersundertheguidanceoflifelongeducationideologyandaccordingtodifferentstagesofteacherprofessionaldevelopment.First，weneedtostrengthenpre-serviceeducationforteachers.Chinaisanunparalleledteachingcountry，withmorethan200millionpeopleinbasiceducationalone，andmillionsofteachersareneeded.Thetaskoftrainingtheseteachersismainlyundertakenbythehigherartcolleges.Thatistosay，normalcollegesarethecradleofprimaryandsecondaryschoolteachers，shouldertheheavyresponsibilityofpre-serviceeducationforteachers，andarethe“mother”oftrainingteachers，whichisagloriousandgreatresponsibility.Therefore，collegesofartincollegesanduniversitiesmustseriouslyengageintheconstructionoftheirownspecialization，andthecultivation，traininganddevelopmentofartteacherscanbeguaranteedatthesource.Secondly，tostrengthenthecontinuingeducationofteachers，thedomesticartcommunitybegantopayattentiontothestudyofteachereducationanddevelopment.Duetotherealisticdemandofcurriculumreform，thepromotionofteacherprofessionalizationmovementandtheinfluenceofnewsocial（下轉頁）

（上接頁）sciencetheories，theresearchonartteachereducationalsopresentsastrongmomentum.Expertsbelievethatthecoreproblemofin-serviceteacherprofessionaldevelopmentistheimprovementofteachersindependentlearningability，andteachereducationshould“cultivatebackboneteacherswitheducationalinnovationability，continuousindependentdevelopmentability，skilledclassroomteachingskills，high-levelartprofessionalknowledgeandgrass-rootseducationguidance”.Third，strengthenworkplaceexercise，improvetheprofessionallevelofteachers.Workplaceexerciseisthemainformofin-serviceeducationforteachers.Nomattertheshort-termorlong-termcontinuingeducationofin-serviceteachersislimitedbytime.However，workplaceexerciseissynchronizedwithteachersteaching.Finally，themostimportantandbasicthingistoimprovetheprofessionallevelofpre-serviceteachers.

Theintroduction

Teachingbehaviorthatcontradictstheprinciplesandmethodslearnedinteachereducationcourses.Althoughteacheracceptanceofteachereducationcurriculumknowledgeisdifferent，butofcourselearningtochangetheirpreconceptionsofteaching（preconceptions），promotetheirprofessionaldevelopment.（Almarza，1996；DaSilva2005）toexploretheinfluenceofteachercoursesonprofessionaldevelopmentofnormaluniversitystudentsfromtheirperformanceintheinternshipstagehasanimportantdefect.Itisoftendifficultforresearcherstograspteachersrealthoughtsoncurriculumandrelatedconceptsandmethodslearned，anditisalsodifficulttounderstandthelong-termeffectofteachereducationcurriculumintheprocessofteachersprofessionaldevelopment.

Theconclusion

Atpresent，oneofthechallengesfacingeducationauthorities，schoolsandteachereducationresearchersishowtokeepartteachersinterested，creativeandpassionate.Duetotherealisticdemandofcurriculumreform，thepromotionofteacherprofessionalizationmovementandtheinfluenceofnewsocialsciencetheories，theresearchonartteachereducationalsopresentsastrongmomentum.Expertsbelievethatthecoreproblemofin-serviceteacherprofessionaldevelopmentistheimprovementofteachersindependentlearningability，andteachereducationshould“cultivatebackboneteacherswitheducationalinnovationability，continuousindependentdevelopmentability，skilledclassroomteachingskills，high-levelartprofessionalknowledgeandgrass-rootseducationguidance.Nomattertheshort-termorlong-termcontinuingeducationofin-serviceteachersislimitedbytime.However，workplaceexerciseissynchronizedwithteachersteaching.Finally，themostimportantandbasicthingistoimprovetheprofessionallevelofpre-serviceteachers.

（作者單位：山東藝術學院）