南通市某傳染病醫院艾滋病流行病學特征分析

錢云

摘要：目的 ?分析南通市某傳染病醫院艾滋病流行病學特征，為制訂預防措施提供科學依據。方法 ?回顧性分析2018年1月～12月南通市某三級甲等傳染病醫院出院的793例艾滋病患者臨床資料，分析艾滋病患者性別、年齡、職業、地區來源、并發癥、住院天數、住院費用分布。結果 ?共793例艾滋病患者，男性多于女性，男性患者主要分布于21～60歲年齡段，女性患者主要分布于51～70歲年齡段。職業分布中以職員比例最高，占28.25%（224/793），其次是工人、農民、其他人員、退離休人員、無業人員、專業人員、自由職業者、學生及個體。根據本市的行政區域劃分，來源最多的是縣級市患者占45.90%（364/793），其次是市區、縣區、外省及外市，其中市區的職員比例最多占14.00%（111/793）。艾滋病并發癥的前十順位中，肺炎占比最高33.92%（269/793），其次為EB病毒感染、口腔念珠菌感染、梅毒、乙型病毒性肝炎、過敏性皮炎、肺結核、巨細胞病毒感染、淋巴瘤、帶狀皰疹，其中巨細胞病毒感染住院時間最長為（18.76±11.37）d，淋巴瘤住院費用最高為（24600.78±18100.40）元。結論 ?南通市某傳染病醫院艾滋病主要以男性為主，集中分布于21～60歲年齡段，而女性以51～70歲年齡段為主;職業以職員為主，地區以市區為主;并發癥中以肺炎為主。應針對不同人群開展有效的干預措施，加強宣傳和教育。

關鍵詞：艾滋病;流行病學特征;統計分析

中圖分類號：R512.91 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼：A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.24.046

文章編號：1006-1959（2019）24-0130-03

Epidemiological Characteristics of AIDS in an Infectious Disease Hospital in Nantong

QIAN Yun

（Department of General Statistics，the Third People's Hospital of Nantong，Nantong 226000， Jiangsu，China）

Abstract：Objective ?To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of AIDS in an infectious disease hospital in Nantong and to provide scientific basis for formulating preventive measures. Methods ?The clinical data of 793 AIDS patients discharged from a third-level infectious disease hospital in Nantong from January to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The gender， age， occupation， regional origin， complications， length of stay， and hospitalization costs of AIDS patients were analyzed distribution. Results ?A total of 793 AIDS patients， more men than women， were mainly distributed in the age group of 21 to 60 years， and female patients were mainly distributed in the age group of 51 to 70 years. The proportion of employees in the occupation distribution is the highest， accounting for 28.25% （224/793）， followed by workers， farmers， other personnel， retirees， unemployed persons， professionals， freelancers， students， and individuals. According to the division of the city's administrative regions， the largest number of patients are county-level cities， accounting for 45.90% （364/793）， followed by urban areas， counties， foreign provinces， and foreign cities， with the urban area staffing ratio up to 14.00% （111/793）. Among the top ten AIDS complications， pneumonia accounted for the highest 33.92% （269/793）， followed by EB virus infection， oral Candida infection， syphilis， hepatitis B virus， allergic dermatitis， tuberculosis， cytomegalovirus Infections， lymphomas， and shingles. Among them， the longest hospital stay for cytomegalovirus infection is （18.76±11.37） d， and the maximum hospitalization cost for lymphoma is （24600.78±18100.40） yuan. Conclusion ?An infectious disease hospital in Nantong is mainly male， concentrated in the age group of 21～60， while women are mainly in the age group of 51～70; occupations are mainly staff， and areas are mainly urban; complications Pneumonia is predominant in China. Effective interventions should be carried out for different groups of people to strengthen publicity and education.