System Design of Intelligent Community Based on Internet of Things

Wang Tao

(Tianjin First Light Industry School,Tianjin 300162)

Abstract：The Internet of things is the key and fundamental technology in the construction of intelligent residential communities.Only through the Internet of things can residential communities play an intelligent role in serving the people.Based on years of experience and accumulated experience,the author first discusses and introduces the basic concept of intelligent residential community and Internet of things,and then analyzes the application of Internet of things technology in today's intelligent residential community construction,hoping to provide reference for the development of residential community.

Keywords：Internet of things;intelligent communities;system

I.The Basic Concepts of Intelligent Communities and the Internet of Things

(i) Intelligent Communities

The concept of intelligent community was first put forward in the 1980 s,the time of proposing was early.However,due to the restriction of technology and capital cost,it develops slowly and receives less attention.In recent years,the construction and development of intelligent residential communities have been greatly improved.At present,there are two representative definitions of intelligent residential communities in the world[1].The first is the concept of intelligent building society of America,which holds the opinion that intelligent building is to optimize the four basic requirements of structure,system,service and control within the building and their internal relations,so as to provide a reasonable investment,efficient,convenient and comfortable environment for the building.The second is the concept of the Japan intelligent building research association,which holds the opinion that intelligent building refers to a building with multiple functions such as network communication,office automation and building automation,which facilitates intelligent activities.The first one is more abstract in terms of the function of intelligent building,while the second one is more specific and clear in terms of structure.

(ii) Internet of Things

The main reason for the relatively rapid development and progress of intelligent residential communities in recent years is the continuous improvement and maturity of Internet of things technology.The definition of the Internet of things is comprehensive and integrate,it is synthesis of the achievements of many fields which take the mobile network technology as the core.Nwaday,there are many theories about the concept of the Internet of things.For example,the Internet of things defined by the RFID working group is a multimedia consisting of interconnected objects with unique addresses in standard information protocols.In addition to defining of the RFID working group,the European project teams have defined the Internet of things in their own area of discussion.They believe that the Internet of things is the participants of social activities(information,business activities,etc.),which can dynamically exchange the information with each other,generate supply-related services without human influence,and affect the real and objective material world,causing the occurrence of events[2].

The system of the Internet of things consists of three layers,namely the perception layer,the network layer and the application layer.In the composition of the Internet of things,the perception layer is located at the bottom,and its key function is to perceive related operations and information,and then collect data information,since they may determine the final feedback of the object,the information it collects is very important.The sensor layer can contain many specific devices,such as video facilities,RFID facilities,sensing facilities,etc.In terms of technology,the key technologies of the sensing layer include controller technology and information transfer technology.The network layer is above the perception layer and depends on the current overall mobile information network.It can be said that it is the most core and main link in the structure of the Internet of things.Without the network layer,the Internet of things cannot truly form a network,nor can it be controlled.The key technologies of the perceptive layer include various existing information and communication technologies.Its key function principle is to transfer the data information collected by the perceptive layer to the server or to the application service instructions.Its main task is to connect every size of the elements dots in the Internet of things.The application layer is the highest layer in the Internet of things.Its key functions are to collect and study data and information,provide relevant countermeasures,allocate,control and adjust controllable energy,give corresponding responses and provide substantive services.In the integrated process of response and service provision of the Internet of things,the application layer can completely rely on the response plan and collected data in advance without human involvement.

II.The Function of Internet of Things that Intelligent Community should Have

(i) Security and Protection System

One of the main working procedures in the process of automatic residential management is to collect and prevent the access of external personnel.The most important function of this working procedure is to use the Internet system to carry out the inspection of all kinds of simulation data information of residential community site.In the inspection process,once the security risks are found,the timely prevention and control will be carried out,which is conducive to the protection of citizens'housing.Generally speaking,the measurement of current,power and other factors should be carried out in the process of collecting simulation signals and controlling the field environment of the residential area.In the measurement,the measured data information is directly displayed on the screen,which mainly displays all the simulated data volume,relevant calculated data,circuit breaker data,switch data and other relevant data of the residential community project,some electrical components in a maintenance state are also displayed on the screen.

(ii) Intelligent Vehicle Identification

The detection and alarm function in the automatic system can let the staff know the actual working information of all the facilities in the residential community.For example,in data monitoring,information from the system can be displayed in combination with the screen.In residential community housing,the vehicle size,model and brand will be identified intelligently,monitoring function management system will automatically display all kinds of main data information,such as the name,quantity,time and relevant parameter information of the objects that have crossed the boundary,and starts printing and transmitting those data at the same time,it can also calculate the times of in and out,and carry out automatic identification according to the accumulation of computational data information.

(iii)Household Control

In order to realize intelligence in the interior of residential buildings,Zig Bee module and sensor are used to collect data information,monitor the combustible gas,harmful gas,temperature and humidity in the interior space in real time,and collect illegal entry and other data information.The carbon monoxide sensor is used for measuring the carbon monoxide content in the home water heater,and the combustible gas sensor is used for measuring the combustible gas in the kitchen.If it is higher than the default value,the alarm will be activated.The body sensors need to be used at the doorways and windows,if someone trespasses,they will call the police.The photosensitive sensor is used for the management of balcony curtain,indoor lighting control,air conditioning switch and temperature sensor control.The flame sensor is used for alarming the fire inside the house.Once a fire broke out in the room,the alarm will be activated and the automatic sprinkler will be turned on.The mobile phone customers can accept the data information from Zig Bee sensor and control the relay switch.The WIFI module data flow is used to transfer the data information to the server database,and the specific alarm information will be displayed in the residential property management system[3].Residents can also control appliances remotely after receiving notices from property management staff.In order to eliminate the hidden safety factors in living space and create a comfortable family environment,it is necessary to establish an intelligent closed-loop control system based on environmental perception,and identify whether the device can be automatically started according to whether the monitoring standard is higher than the safety standard.Before the indoor space environment is adjusted to a comfortable and safe state,if wired communication is used to achieve the network communication of sensor facilities,wired communication is difficult and expensive,so wireless communication mode needs to be used.Due to the limited usable area of ordinary residents'homes,the maximum communication distance between each facility is no more than 50 meters.Moreover,due to the complex indoor space of residents,the signal performance will attenuate,the communication mode is needed to achieve multi-node self-organizing communication.Residential intelligent terminal facility is gateway equipment,which can transfer the wireless transmission information to residential property management platform,it is an effective way to achieve information communication between people,convenient for people to use the Internet to understand the situation of the house,control the intelligent home appliances.

III.Intelligent Community System Design Based on Internet of Things

(i) System Function Modules

Intelligent community system consists of two parts,namely monitoring system and control system.The monitoring system focuses on the use of computer terminal and mobile phone terminal to monitor the internal environment of the community,and the control system is divided into green control and light control.

1.Community environmental monitoring:Many sensor nodes,including light intensity sensor node,temperature sensor node and smoke detection sensor node,are installed on the development board to monitor the community environment.

2.Check the detected data information:Residents can use computer terminals and mobile phone terminals to check the data detected by sensors,and digitally display the data detected by sensors in front of residents on the interface,so that residents can easily understand the real-time environment at home.

3.Remote access control for electrical appliances:Residents can use computers or mobile phone terminals to control the data and information viewed in an appropriate range,and carry out the operation mode of controlling and connecting electric appliances,such as replacing street lamps and fountains,etc.,and achieve intelligent control in residential areas.Install the system block diagram of simulated intelligent residential community model,and the expected functions are as follows:Collect the temperature,light intensity and smoke conditions of the community in real time,and carry out real-time monitoring in computer and mobile phone terminals.The terminals are used to check the connection ofexperimentalequipmentwith street lamps,and to control the on/off of street lamps and the operation of red and green indicator lights.The terminals are also used to check the connection of water pump with the experimental equipment,and to control the operation of water pump[4].

(ii) System Implementation

1.Computer Server Terminal

The PC server port in the smart residential community is the key device of the whole set of equipment,which has the functions of opening or closing the server,displaying the data information received by the sensor and transmitting the data information by Android remotely,the broken line graph of each data information can be formed according to the data information detected by different sensors and displayed on the computer interface.

2.Mobile Terminal

Residents can use the“Smart Community”mobile APP installed on the tablet computer platform to check the data monitored by sensor nodes and the running state of electrical appliances,and make adjustments according to the operation of electrical appliances.It can also control electrical appliances connected to nodes,such as street lamps,red and green lights and fountains.When residents activate the“turn on the light”button,it will prompt“you have turned on the light switch,the light has been turned on”;At this point,the text on the switch changes to“turn off the light”.When the residents activate the“turn off light”button,the light connected to the node will be turned off,and“you have turned on the light switch,the light has been turned off”will appear at the bottom of the screen.The same principle applies to other electrical applications.

IV.Conclusion

In a word,the application of the Internet of things project in residential communities will combine the ubiquitous terminal equipment and facilities,so that the internal intelligent sensors and terminal mobile facilities,security control system,intelligent identification system and intelligent monitoring facilities are interlinked,which has a set of related external roles.Residents are able to control and supervise things even when leaving home,and remotely finish the tasks unable to finish before,bringing great convenience to people's lives.