熊波波 張勁松 李寧 王海峰 左毅剛 王劍松
[摘要] 腎上腺結核多繼發于肺結核,少見原發性,多見雙側同時病變,罕見單側發病。本文報道了1例原發性單側腎上腺結核中年男性患者,術前診斷為腎上腺腫瘤可能,術后病理學為腎上腺結核,出院后給予抗結核治療,后續定期完善隨訪觀察。結合國內外相關文獻分析,原發性單側腎上腺結核患者往往無明顯癥狀,實驗室檢查指標包括結核菌素試驗、血沉、T細胞斑點試驗、皮質醇、促腎上腺皮質激素、醛固酮及尿香草扁桃酸等,CT檢查方法要優于彩超,腎上腺結核在CT上表現更為清楚,特別對鈣化點的識別,術前活檢是唯一可以明確疾病性質的方法,常規治療方式為抗結核治療或抗結核治療聯合手術。原發性單側腎上腺結核很少見,應結合患者的影像學資料來鑒別,必要時行穿刺活檢術來明確診斷,避免誤診。
[關鍵詞] 腎上腺結核;腎上腺腫瘤;手術治療;誤診
[中圖分類號] R529.0 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻標識碼] C ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號] 1673-9701(2019)32-0138-02
Primary unilateral adrenal tuberculosis of a case report and related literature analysis
XIONG Bobo ZHANG Jinsong LI Ning WANG Haifeng ZUO Yigang WANG Jiansong
Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Institute of Urology, Kunming ? 650101, China
[Abstract] Adrenal tuberculosis is mostly secondary to tuberculosis; the primary adrenal tuberculosis is rare; and the bilateral lesions are common; and unilateral morbidity is rare. This article reported one case of middle-aged male patient with primary unilateral adrenal tuberculosis. The preoperative diagnosis was adrenal tumor. And the postoperative pathology was adrenal tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis treatment was given after discharge. Follow-up was performed regularly. Combined with domestic and international literature analysis, patients with primary unilateral adrenal tuberculosis often have no obvious symptoms. Laboratory tests include tuberculin test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, T cell spot test(T-SPOT), cortisol, Adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH), aldosterone and vanilla mandelic acid(VMA). CT examination is superior to color Doppler ultrasound. Adrenal tuberculosis is more clear on CT, especially for calcification. Preoperative biopsy is the only method that can clarify the nature of the disease. The conventional treatment is anti-tuberculosis treatment or anti-tuberculosis treatment combined with surgery. Although primary unilateral adrenal tuberculosis is rare, we use the patient's imaging data to identify, if necessary, a needle biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and avoid misdiagnosis.
[Key words] Adrenal tuberculosis; Adrenal tumor; Surgical treatment; Misdiagnosis
腎上腺結核屬于泌尿系結核中較少見的臨床疾病,繼發于肺結核,以雙側同時病變多見,單側發病罕見[1]。繼發性腎上腺結核是結核菌血行播散至腎上腺,破環其皮質及髓質,使腎上腺呈結核性干酪樣壞死,當90%以上的腎上腺組織受到嚴重破環,可導致腎上腺皮質激素分泌不足,出現愛迪生氏病[2]。腎上腺結核是愛迪生氏病的主要病因,腎上腺皮質激素分泌不足,表現為全身多系統的功能紊亂。原發性單側腎上腺結核患者往往激素分泌不足,相關癥狀不明顯,通常以患側腰痛為主訴,目前診斷也無統一標準,影像學上與腎上腺腫瘤鑒別相對困難[3],故原發性單側腎上腺結核在臨床上易誤診為腎上腺腫瘤。本文報道了本院收治的1例原發性單側腎上腺結核的患者,現報道如下。
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(收稿日期:2019-07-31)