區塊鏈高新技術在旅游互聯網中應用的挑戰

摘 ?要： 區塊鏈作為一種新型的分布式數據庫技術，已經在互聯網交易中得到了初步應用。該技術采用了去中心化的數據架構、并具有過程證明（PoW）、共識和激勵機制等特征，更應用了加密等技術、不可逆的運算模式等。因此區塊鏈技術很快引起各國政府、科技企業等的高度重視，并投入了積極地研發。與此同時近些年我國旅游業快速地發展，旅游互聯網的應用也十分廣泛，但目前旅游互聯網發展痛點是：旅游信息在各自節點的信息中心固化和壟斷，旅游市場的信息不公開和透明，預訂和支付系統中間環節甚多且繁雜等。區塊鏈技術可以對這些旅游生態進行技術變革，構建起旅游互聯網公開高效的運行機制。本課題對區塊鏈技術在旅游行業的應用進行了分析，也在旅游企業網絡技術領域進行了相關的實驗與編碼，期待為區塊鏈在行業應用起到推進作用，更期待旅游業在高新技術應用上有所行動與作為。

關鍵詞： 區塊鏈;旅游業;旅游互聯網;分布式;技術挑戰

中圖分類號： TP39 ? ?文獻標識碼： A ? ?DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1003-6970.2019.12.021

本文著錄格式：黃崎. 區塊鏈高新技術在旅游互聯網中應用的挑戰[J]. 軟件，2019，40（12）：9096

The Challenge of Blockchain High-Tech Application in Tourism Internet

HUANG Qi

（1. School of Tourism，Shanghai Normal University， Shanghai， 201418， China）

【Abstract】： As a new emerging database system， blockchain now has already had some applications in transactions ?on the web. Blockchain uses decentralized structure， and has the components including proof of work （PoW）， consensus， incentives， etc. Apart from that， blockchain also deploys encryption technologies and non-reversible calculation mode. As a result， the blockchain technology has attracted widely attention by the governments and the technology companies. In the meantime， considerable efforts are devoted to improving the blockchain technology. On the other hand， there has been a rapid growth in the tourism industry， and there are a large number of web applications in it. However， the tourism industry has some problems. For instance， all the relevant information is centralized and monopolized， which means most of them are neither open to public nor transparent. Also， the booking and the payment systems have a lot of interim stages， which are obviously too complicated. The blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize the tourism industry， as well as build up a transparent and efficient operating mechanism. Our work analyses the application of the blockchain technology and conducts some experiments in the technology aspects with some companies in the tourism industry. Hopefully， we are able to boost the application of blockchain technology in tourism industry and make our own contribution to the high-tech end of it.

【Key words】： Block chain; Hospitality; Travel internet; Distribution; Technology challenges

0 ?引言

區塊鏈（Block chain）新技術架構在2008年提出（Nakamoto），并在金融領域的比特幣數字加密基礎技術中得到初步應用，很快得到各國政府、科技部門等高度重視。2015年被認為區塊鏈技術發展的元年，美國銀行啟動并申請了10多項加密數字貨幣專利，英國銀行也啟動了分布式記賬技術（Distributed Ledger Technology）[1]。2016年美國、英國、日本等國迅速將區塊鏈技術上升到國家戰略層面，成立了區塊鏈發展聯盟[2]。……