Orem自理模式護理在慢性結腸炎患者中的應用效果

謝敏華 潘泓

[摘要]目的 探討Orem自理模式護理在慢性結腸炎患者中的應用效果。方法 選擇2017年1月～2018年1月我院收治的80例慢性結腸炎患者作為研究對象，按照隨機數字表法分為研究組和對照組，每組40例。對照組進行常規護理，研究組進行Orem自理模式護理。比較兩組的住院時間，再次入院率和并發癥總發生率，以及使用抑郁自評量表（SDS）和焦慮自評量表（SAS）評價兩組干預前后的心理狀況。結果 研究組的住院時間短于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）；研究組的再次入院率低于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）；研究組的并發癥總發生率低于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）；護理前，兩組的SDS和SAS評分比較，差異無統計學意義（P>0.05），護理后，研究組的SDS和SAS評分低于對照組，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 與常規護理比較，對慢性結腸炎患者進行Orem自理模式護理能降低患者的再次入院率和并發癥發生率，縮短其住院時間，有效緩解患者的焦慮和抑郁情緒，值得臨床推廣應用。

[關鍵詞]慢性結腸炎；Orem自理模式；護理；應用效果

[中圖分類號] R574.62 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-4721（2018）11（c）-0170-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of Orem self-care model of nursing in patients with chronic colitis. Methods Eighty patients with chronic colitis admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected as the study subjects， they were divided into study group and the control group according to the random number table method， with 40 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing， while the study group received Orem self-care mode nursing. The hospitalization time， re-admission rate and total incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. The psychological status of the two groups before and after intervention were assessed by self-rating depression scale （SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）. Results The length of stay in the study group was shorter than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）， the rate of re-hospitalization in the study group was lower than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Before nursing， there was no significant difference in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups （P>0.05）， after nursing， the scores of SDS and SAS in the study group were lower than those in the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Compared with routine nursing， Orem self-care nursing for patients with chronic colitis can reduce the re-admission rate and complication rate， shorten the hospitalization time， effectively alleviate anxiety and depression， and is worthy of clinical application.

[Key words] Chronic colitis； Orem self-care model； Nursing； Application effect

慢性結腸炎是一種多發性、反復性、慢性炎癥性疾病，其發病部位通常為直腸、乙狀結腸、結腸，指結腸和直腸由于多種致病因素引起的潰瘍、炎性水腫、出血病變[1]。臨床癥狀表現為左下腹疼痛、腹瀉與便秘交替出現、便下粘液，時好時壞，反復發作。不僅使患者的工作和生活受到嚴重影響，還會使患者產生負面情緒，阻礙患者恢復健康[2]。研究顯示，對慢性結腸炎患者進行Orem自理模式護理可使患者的自我管理能力得到提高，激發患者的康復主動性，提升自我護理能力，滿足患者心理方面的護理需求，使患者快速恢復健康[3-4]。本研究為探討慢性結腸炎患者應用Orem自理模式護理的臨床效果，選擇我院收治的80例慢性結腸炎患者作為研究對象，現報道如下。